FreeBSD初日
- FreeBSD 8.1
- 、 FreeBSD
- < linux >
-
- 、FreeBSD : < , >
- a、portsnap < , Freebsd >
- make install clean , 、 、
- 。 ! :
- 1、 make , , 。
- 2、 portsnap make 。
-
- 、 [mini] , ?< portsnap, >
- , ? freebsd ,
- 。 portsnap , 。
- : mini
- , , .
- a、portsnap
- b、bash
- c、vim
- d、IP、DNS
- e、
-
-
- portsnap?
- , , portsnap.conf SERVER , 。
- # vi /etc/portsnap.conf
- SERVERNAME=portsnap.hshh.org
-
-
-
- :
- # cd /usr/ports/ftp/axel/
- # make install clean
- # vi /etc/make.conf
- FETCH_CMD=axel
- FETCH_BEFORE_ARGS= -n 10 -a
- FETCH_AFTER_ARGS=
- DISABLE_SIZE=
- MASTER_SIZE_OVERRIDE? = \
- http://ports.hshh.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/ \
- http://ports.cn.freebsd.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/ \
- ftp://ftp.freeBSDchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
- MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE? =${MASTER_SITE_BACKUP}
-
-
- # bash
- # cd /usr/ports/shells/bash
- # make install clean
-
- # shell
- # chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash
- ,
- # echo $SHELL
- /usr/local/bin/bash
-
- vim ?
- , make install clean X11 , ;
- , 。。。
- VIM :
- # make -DWITHOUT_X11 install clean
- , !
-
- IP?
- # vim /etc/rc.conf
- defaultrouter="192.168.1.1" -->
- hostname="freebsd.example.com" -->
- ifconfig_em0="inet 192.168.10.29 netmask 255.255.255.0"
- ifconfig_em0_alias0="inet 192.168.1.29 netmask 255.255.255.0"
- keymap="us.iso"
- sshd_enable="YES" --> sshd, , sysinstall 。
- , sshd, /etc/rc.d/sshd start ,
- sshd_enable="YES" /etc/rc.conf
-
- , , ?
- 1、sh /etc/rc.conf
- 2、/etc/netstat
-
- Freebsd ifconfig_em0_aliasX , :
- ifconfig_em0_alias1="inet 192.168.11.29 netmask 255.255.255.0"
- ifconfig_em0_alias2="inet 192.168.12.29 netmask 255.255.255.0"
- ifconfig_em0_alias3="inet 192.168.13.29 netmask 255.255.255.0"
-
- ?FreeBSD Linux 。
- :
- Linux: route add -net 192.168.11.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.10.1
- FreeBSD: route add -net 192.168.11.0/24 192.168.10.1
-
- :
- Linux:
- # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
- 192.168.11.0/24 via 192.168.10.1
-
- FreeBSD:
- # vim /etc/rc.conf
- static_routes="net11 net12 net12"
- route_net11="-net 192.168.11.0/24 192.168.10.1"
- route_net12="-net 192.168.12.0/24 192.168.10.1"
- route_net13="-net 192.168.13.0/24 192.168.10.1"
-
- :
- Linux: route -n
- FreeBSD: netstat -nr
-
- vim ?
- # vim /root/.vimrc
- set nobackup
- set number
- set cindent
- set autoindent
- set shiftwidth =2
- set ruler
- set softtabstop =2
- set tabstop =2
- set expandtab
- syntax on
-
- ,vim , 。
-
- bash ?
- [root@freebsd ~]# vim .profile
- :
- PS1="\[\e[37;40m\][\[\e[32;40m\]\u\[\e[37;40m\]@\h\[\e[35;40m\]\W\[\e[0m\]]\$\[\e[33;40m\]"
-
- , ? sudo
- # cd /usr/ports/security/sudo
- # make install clean
-
- ROOT SSH
- # vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- PermitRootLogin yes
- # /etc/rc.d/sshd reload
- sudo
# cd /usr/portsnap/secrity/sudo
# make install clean
screen
# find /usr/ports/ -name "screen"
/usr/ports/sysutils/screen
# cd /usr/ports/sysutils/screen
# make install clean