Python爬虫類(四):新たに縦横中国語網爬虫類Demoを追加--136冊の本屋小説を爬取し、ローカルテキストファイルに保存し、単一プロセスの多プロセス対比効率(三生三世十里桃花を例に)

運転環境:Python3.62019-05-24更新、既存のページが改版されたため、現在「縦横中国語網book.zongheng.com」採集コードDemoが追加された.

反爬が存在し、爬虫類の運行ミスを招き、以下の2つの方法で親測して解決することができる.

IPに加入し、 IP抽出インタフェース->ジャンプを書きました.

は、ブラウザアクセスによって生成されたCookie情報をheadersに追加する.

この爬虫類は、VIP がアクセスできるコンテンツ

を正確につかむことができない.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Author : Leo

import re
import os
import logging
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,  #     
                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')


class ZonghengSpider:
    """
           
    - http://book.zongheng.com/
    """
    #        
    novel_save_dir = 'novels'
    session = requests.session()
    #       
    session.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3))
    session.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3))

    def __init__(self):
        self.session.headers.update(
            {'Host': 'book.zongheng.com',
             'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) '
                           'AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.157 Safari/537.36'})
        self.chapter_url = 'http://book.zongheng.com/api/chapter/chapterinfo?bookId={book_id}&chapterId={chapter_id}'

    def crawl(self, target_url: str):
        """
                url
        :param target_url:           URL
        :return:
        """

        def request_url(url):
            resp = self.session.get(url=url)
            if resp.status_code == 200:
                return resp.json()
            else:
                return None

        book_name, book_id, chapter_id = self.get_page_info(target_url)
        logging.info(f'       : {book_name},   ID: {book_id},   ID: {chapter_id}')
        if all([book_name, book_id, chapter_id]):
            #       
            novel_save_path = os.path.join(self.novel_save_dir, book_name)
            if not os.path.exists(novel_save_path):
                os.makedirs(novel_save_path)
            logging.info(f'      : {novel_save_path}')
            index = 0
            while True:
                index += 1
                chapter_url = self._get_chapter_url(book_id, chapter_id)
                logging.info(f'      URL: {chapter_url}')
                chapter_json = request_url(url=chapter_url)
                if chapter_json is not None:
                    chapter_data = chapter_json.get('data')
                    if not chapter_data:
                        break
                    #    
                    chapter_name = chapter_data.get('chapterName')
                    content_raw = chapter_data.get('content', '')
                    #     
                    clear_content = '
'.join(
                        [repr(p).strip('\'') for p in BeautifulSoup(content_raw, 'html.parser').strings])
                    # TODO   、    、    ...
                    with open(os.path.join(novel_save_path, str(index) + '-' + chapter_name + '.txt'), 'w',
                              encoding='utf8') as f:
                        f.write(clear_content)
                        logging.info('         > %s' % os.path.join(novel_save_path, str(index) + '-' + chapter_name))
                    #        chapter_id
                    chapter_id = chapter_data.get('nexCid')
                else:
                    logging.error(f'    URL  ,   URL: {chapter_url}')
            logging.info('    ')

    def get_page_info(self, homepage_url):
        """
             book-id，       ID
        :param homepage_url:     url
        :return:
        """
        resp = self.session.get(url=homepage_url)
        if resp.status_code == 200:
            soup = BeautifulSoup(resp.text, 'html.parser')
            book_name = soup.find('div', {'class': 'book-name'}).get_text().strip()
            first_chapter_tag = soup.find('a', {'class': 'btn read-btn', 'href': True})
            if first_chapter_tag is not None:
                first_chapter_url = first_chapter_tag.get('href')
                result = re.findall(r'chapter/(\d+)/(\d+).html', first_chapter_url)
                book_id, chapter_id = result[0] if result else (None, None, None)
                return book_name, book_id, chapter_id
        else:
            logging.error('             ！')
        return None, None, None

    def _get_chapter_url(self, book_id, chapter_id):
        """
              
        :param book_id:
        :param chapter_id:
        :return:
        """
        return self.chapter_url.format(book_id=book_id, chapter_id=chapter_id)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    spider = ZonghengSpider()
    spider.crawl(target_url='http://book.zongheng.com/book/840152.html')

概要

小说网址:http://www.136book.com/

136 book小説網の具体的な小説のurlを修正することによって、異なる小説の章を登って

を大量にダウンロードする.

このコードは三生三世十里桃花を例に(リンク)

–> http://www.136book.com/sanshengsanshimenglitaohua/

運行効果の展示は図が切れたようです
① book136_singleprocess.py
単プロセス保存小説章

#!/usr/bin/env python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
# @Author : Woolei
# @File : book136_singleprocess.py

import requests
import time
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


headers = {
    'User-Agent':
        'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36'
}


#         ，     
def getChapterContent(each_chapter_dict):
    content_html = requests.get(each_chapter_dict['chapter_url'], headers=headers).text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(content_html, 'lxml')
    content_tag = soup.find('div', {'id': 'content'})
    p_tag = content_tag.find_all('p')
    print('        --> ' + each_chapter_dict['name'])
    for each in p_tag:
        paragraph = each.get_text().strip()
        with open(each_chapter_dict['name'] + r'.txt', 'a', encoding='utf8') as f:
            f.write('  ' + paragraph + '

')
            f.close()


#             url
def getChapterInfo(novel_url):
    chapter_html = requests.get(novel_url, headers=headers).text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(chapter_html, 'lxml')
    chapter_list = soup.find_all('li')
    chapter_all_dict = {}
    for each in chapter_list:
        import re
        chapter_each = {}
        chapter_each['name'] = each.find('a').get_text()  #       
        chapter_each['chapter_url'] = each.find('a')['href']  #     url
        chapter_num = int(re.findall('\d+', each.get_text())[0])  #       
        chapter_all_dict[chapter_num] = chapter_each  #               
    return chapter_all_dict


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.clock()  #           
    novel_url = 'http://www.136book.com/sanshengsanshimenglitaohua/'  #              
    novel_info = getChapterInfo(novel_url)  #           
    dir_name = '       '
    if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
        os.mkdir(dir_name)
    os.chdir(dir_name)  #           
    for each in novel_info:
        getChapterContent(novel_info[each])
        # time.sleep(1)
    end = time.clock()  #          
    print('      ，     %d  ，    ：%f s' % (len(novel_info), (end - start)))
**           ，        。              **

② book136_multiprocess.py
マルチプロセス保存小説章

#!/usr/bin/env python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
# @Author : Woolei
# @File : book136_2.py 


import requests
import time
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from multiprocessing import Pool

url = 'http://www.136book.com/huaqiangu/ebxeeql/'
headers = {
    'User-Agent':
        'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.84 Safari/537.36'
}


#         ，     
def getChapterContent(each_chapter_dict):
    content_html = requests.get(each_chapter_dict['chapter_url'], headers=headers).text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(content_html, 'lxml')
    content_tag = soup.find('div', {'id': 'content'})
    p_tag = content_tag.find_all('p')
    print('        --> ' + each_chapter_dict['name'])
    for each in p_tag:
        paragraph = each.get_text().strip()
        with open(each_chapter_dict['name'] + r'.txt', 'a', encoding='utf8') as f:
            f.write('  ' + paragraph + '

')
            f.close()


#             url
def getChapterInfo(novel_url):
    chapter_html = requests.get(novel_url, headers=headers).text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(chapter_html, 'lxml')
    chapter_list = soup.find_all('li')
    chapter_all_dict = {}
    for each in chapter_list:
        import re
        chapter_each = {}
        chapter_each['name'] = each.find('a').get_text()  #       
        chapter_each['chapter_url'] = each.find('a')['href']  #     url
        chapter_num = int(re.findall('\d+', each.get_text())[0])  #       
        chapter_all_dict[chapter_num] = chapter_each  #               
    return chapter_all_dict


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.clock()
    novel_url = 'http://www.136book.com/sanshengsanshimenglitaohua/'
    novel_info = getChapterInfo(novel_url)
    dir_name = '       '
    if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
        os.mkdir(dir_name)
    os.chdir(dir_name)
    pool = Pool(processes=10)   #   10   
    pool.map(getChapterContent, [novel_info[each] for each in novel_info])
    pool.close()
    pool.join()
    end = time.clock()
    print('         ，     %d  ，    ：%f s' % (len(novel_info), (end - start)))

の実行中、タスクマネージャでは10のサブプロセス(processes=10)が作成され、効率を向上させるために複数のプロセスを作成することができますが、コンピュータのパフォーマンスを考慮せずに過剰なプロセスを作成すると、コンピュータの実行効率が大幅に低下します.