CentOS 7でのKeepalivedのインストールと実行

15541 ワード
Centos 7 運送と維持の関連
概要
Keepalivedはサービスの高可用性(HA)を実現するために存在し、その役割はWebサーバの状態を検出することであり、メインサーバdown機や故障が発生した場合、KeepalivedはメインサーバのIPを他の正常なサーバに切り替えて、サービスの安定を達成する.今ではLVS、Nginx、Redisなど、多くのソフトウェアが彼と組み合わせて使用されています.
げんり
KeepalivedはVRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol,仮想ルーティング冗長プロトコル)プロトコルを実装したもので、このプロトコルはルータの高可用性を実現したプロトコルと考えられ、同じ機能を提供する複数のルータを1つのルータグループに構成し、この中には1つのMASTERと複数のBACKUPがあり、MASTERの上には対外的にサービスを提供するVIPがあり、MASTERはマルチキャストを配信し、BACKUPがVRRPパッケージを受け取れない場合はMASTERdown機と考え、VRRP優先度に基づいてBACKUPをMASTERとして選択する必要があり、ルータの正常な使用を保証します.
ダウンロードとインストール(CentOS 7 x 86-64-1611とKeepalived 1.3.4を使用)
Keepalived公式サイト(http://www.keepalived.org)ソフトウェアパッケージをダウンロードし、サーバにアップロードします.
または、コマンドでダウンロードして解凍します.
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://124.205.69.132/files/90630000053A2BB4/www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.3.4.tar.gz 

依存プラグインのインストール:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y gcc openssl-devel popt-devel

コンパイルインストール:
[root@localhost ~]# cd keepalived-1.3.4

[root@localhost keepalived-1.3.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

[root@localhost keepalived-1.3.4]# make && make install

構成:(詳細は後述するが、ここではデフォルト構成)
開始:
まず、CentOS 7環境にいくつかのファイルをコピーします.
[root@localhost ~]# cp keepalived-1.3.4/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

[root@localhost ~]# cp keepalived-1.3.4/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

起動サービスの実行:
  1. [root@localhost ~]# service keepalived start
  2. Starting keepalived (via systemctl): [ ]

， ：
  1. [root@localhost ~]# ps -aux |grep keepalived
  2. root 16370 0.0 0.0 112664 936 pts/0 S+ 21:50 0:00 grep --color=auto keepalived

？ ：
  1. [root@localhost ~]# journalctl -xe
  2. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16356]: Unable to resolve default script username 'keepalived_script' - ignoring
  3. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16356]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
  4. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: PID file /var/run/keepalived.pid not readable (yet?) after start.
  5. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16357]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=16358
  6. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16357]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=16359
  7. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.
  8. -- Subject: Unit keepalived.service has finished start-up
  9. -- Defined-By: systemd
  10. -- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
  11. --
  12. -- Unit keepalived.service has finished starting up.
  13. --
  14. -- The start-up result is done.
  15. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain polkitd[593]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:16350:328706 (system bus name :1.44, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale zh_CN.UTF-8) (disconnected from bus)
  16. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Initializing ipvs
  17. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.0.11 added
  18. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:8c45 added
  19. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
  20. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
  21. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
  22. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
  23. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Cant find interface eth0 for vrrp_instance VI_1 !!!
  24. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Default interface eth0 does not exist and no interface specified. Skipping static address 192.168.200.16.
  25. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Default interface eth0 does not exist and no interface specified. Skipping static address 192.168.200.17.
  26. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Default interface eth0 does not exist and no interface specified. Skipping static address 192.168.200.18.
  27. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: (VI_1): No VIP specified; at least one is required
  28. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: Registered protocols (TCP, UDP, SCTP, AH, ESP)
  29. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: Connection hash table configured (size=4096, memory=64Kbytes)
  30. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: Creating netns size=2040 id=0
  31. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: ipvs loaded.
  32. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.0.11 added
  33. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fee3:8c45 added
  34. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
  35. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
  36. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
  37. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: [rr] scheduler registered.
  38. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
  39. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.201.100]:443
  40. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.2]:1358
  41. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.3]:1358
  42. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.4]:1358
  43. 6 13 21:49:09 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.5]:1358
  44. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter
  45. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter
  46. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain kernel: IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter
  47. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_vrrp[16359]: Stopped
  48. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16357]: Keepalived_vrrp exited with permanent error CONFIG. Terminating
  49. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16357]: Stopping
  50. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Removing service [192.168.201.100]:443 from VS [192.168.200.100]:443
  51. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Removing service [192.168.200.4]:1358 from VS [10.10.10.3]:1358
  52. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Removing service [192.168.200.5]:1358 from VS [10.10.10.3]:1358
  53. 6 13 21:49:10 localhost.localdomain Keepalived_healthcheckers[16358]: Stopped
  54. 6 13 21:49:15 localhost.localdomain Keepalived[16357]: Stopped Keepalived v1.3.4 (02/18,2017)

， ， ， 。

： 
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
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