C++ N4606(148)13.1 Overloadable declarations [over.load]p313
はじめに
N4606 Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/#mailing2016-11
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf
n4606は、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21の作業原案(Working Draft)です。
公式のISO/IEC 14882原本ではありません。
ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21では、可能な限り作業文書を公開し、幅広い意見を求めています。
一連の記事はコード断片をコンパイルできる形にする方法を検討してコンパイル、リンク、実行して、規格案の原文と処理系(g++, Clang++)との違いを確認し、技術内容を検討し、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21にフィードバックするために用います。
また、CERT C++, MISRA C++等のコーディング標準のコード断片をコンパイルする際の参考にさせていただこうと考えています。CERT C++, MISRA C++が標準化の動きとの時間的なずれがあれば確認できれば幸いです。また、boostライブラリとの関連、Linux OS, TOPPERSカーネル、g++(GCC), clang++(LLVM）との関係も調査中です。
何か、抜け漏れ、耳より情報がありましたらおしらせくださると幸いです。
作業方針
１）コンパイルエラーを収集する。
２）コンパイルエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
コンパイルエラーになる例を示すだけが目的のコードは、コンパイルエラーをなくすのではなく、コンパイルエラーの種類を収集するだけにする。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、コンパイルエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
３）リンクエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、リンクエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
４）意味のある出力を作る。
コンパイル、リンクが通っても、意味のある出力を示そうとすると、コンパイル・リンクエラーが出て収拾できそうにない場合がある。順次作業します。
１）だけのものから４）まで進んだものと色々ある状態です。一歩でも前に進むご助言をお待ちしています。「検討事項」の欄に現状を記録するようにしています。
list
N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standard(1) coding list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/
Compiler
clang++ --version
clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.4.0
g++-7 --version
g++-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
(148)13.1 Overloadable declarations [over.load]p313
p313.cpp
// N4606 Committee Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf
#define msg "p313.cpp(148)13.1 Overloadable declarations [over.load]"
// Edited by Dr. Ogawa Kiyoshi. Compile procedure and results record.
#include <iostream>
class X {
static void f();
void f(); // ill-formed
void f() const; // ill-formed
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
void g();
void g() const; // OK: no static g
void g() const volatile; // OK: no static g
};
class Y {
void h() &;
void h() const &; // OK
void h() &&; // OK, all declarations have a ref-qualifier
void i() &;
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
// has a ref-qualifier
};
typedef int Int;
void f(int i);
void f(Int i); // OK: redeclaration of f(int)
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
enum E { a };
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
void f(E i) { /* ... */ }
int f(char*);
int f(char[]); // same as f(char*);
int f(char[7]); // same as f(char*);
int f(char[9]); // same as f(char*);
int g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char[5][10]); // same as g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char[7][10]); // same as g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char(*)[20]); // different from g(char(*)[10]);
void h(int());
void h(int (*)()); // redeclaration of h(int())
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
typedef const int cInt;
int f (int);
int f (const int); // redeclaration of f(int)
int f (int) { /* ... */ } // definition of f(int)
int f (cInt) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
void f (int i, int j);
void f (int i, int j = 99); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
void prog () {
f (1, 2); // OK: call f(int, int)
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
}
int main(){
std::cout<< msg << std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
$ ./cppgl17.sh p313
$ clang++ p313.cpp
p313.cpp:10:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f(); // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:11:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f() const; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:12:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:24:6: error: cannot overload a member function without a ref-qualifier with a member function with ref-qualifier '&'
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
^
p313.cpp:23:6: note: previous declaration is here
void i() &;
^
p313.cpp:32:6: error: redefinition of 'f'
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: previous definition is here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:51:6: error: redefinition of 'h'
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:50:6: note: previous definition is here
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:65:1: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:32:6: note: candidate function
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate function
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:66:1: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate function
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:62:6: note: candidate function
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
^
8 errors generated.
$ g++-7 p313.cpp
p313.cpp:10:6: error: 'void X::f()' cannot be overloaded
void f(); // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:11:6: error: 'void X::f() const' cannot be overloaded
void f() const; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:12:6: error: 'void X::f() const volatile' cannot be overloaded
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:24:6: error: 'void Y::i() const' cannot be overloaded
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
^
p313.cpp:23:6: error: with 'void Y::i() &'
void i() &;
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void f(Int)':
p313.cpp:32:6: error: redefinition of 'void f(Int)'
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: 'void f(int)' previously defined here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void f(int)':
p313.cpp:36:6: error: redefinition of 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: 'void f(int)' previously defined here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void h(int (*)())':
p313.cpp:51:6: error: redefinition of 'void h(int (*)())'
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:50:6: note: 'void h(int (*)())' previously defined here
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp: At global scope:
p313.cpp:54:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (int);
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:55:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (const int); // redeclaration of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'int f(int)':
p313.cpp:56:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (int) { /* ... */ } // definition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'int f(cInt)':
p313.cpp:57:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(cInt)'
int f (cInt) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void prog()':
p313.cpp:65:5: error: call of overloaded 'f(int)' is ambiguous
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: candidate: void f(int)
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate: void f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:66:4: error: call of overloaded 'f()' is ambiguous
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate: void f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:62:6: note: candidate: void f()
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
^
検討事項
// N4606 Committee Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf
#define msg "p313.cpp(148)13.1 Overloadable declarations [over.load]"
// Edited by Dr. Ogawa Kiyoshi. Compile procedure and results record.
#include <iostream>
class X {
static void f();
void f(); // ill-formed
void f() const; // ill-formed
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
void g();
void g() const; // OK: no static g
void g() const volatile; // OK: no static g
};
class Y {
void h() &;
void h() const &; // OK
void h() &&; // OK, all declarations have a ref-qualifier
void i() &;
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
// has a ref-qualifier
};
typedef int Int;
void f(int i);
void f(Int i); // OK: redeclaration of f(int)
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
enum E { a };
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
void f(E i) { /* ... */ }
int f(char*);
int f(char[]); // same as f(char*);
int f(char[7]); // same as f(char*);
int f(char[9]); // same as f(char*);
int g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char[5][10]); // same as g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char[7][10]); // same as g(char(*)[10]);
int g(char(*)[20]); // different from g(char(*)[10]);
void h(int());
void h(int (*)()); // redeclaration of h(int())
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
typedef const int cInt;
int f (int);
int f (const int); // redeclaration of f(int)
int f (int) { /* ... */ } // definition of f(int)
int f (cInt) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
void f (int i, int j);
void f (int i, int j = 99); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
void prog () {
f (1, 2); // OK: call f(int, int)
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
}
int main(){
std::cout<< msg << std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
$ ./cppgl17.sh p313
$ clang++ p313.cpp
p313.cpp:10:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f(); // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:11:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f() const; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:12:6: error: static and non-static member functions with the same parameter types cannot be overloaded
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: note: previous declaration is here
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:24:6: error: cannot overload a member function without a ref-qualifier with a member function with ref-qualifier '&'
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
^
p313.cpp:23:6: note: previous declaration is here
void i() &;
^
p313.cpp:32:6: error: redefinition of 'f'
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: previous definition is here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:51:6: error: redefinition of 'h'
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:50:6: note: previous definition is here
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:65:1: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:32:6: note: candidate function
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate function
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:66:1: error: call to 'f' is ambiguous
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate function
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:62:6: note: candidate function
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
^
8 errors generated.
$ g++-7 p313.cpp
p313.cpp:10:6: error: 'void X::f()' cannot be overloaded
void f(); // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:11:6: error: 'void X::f() const' cannot be overloaded
void f() const; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:12:6: error: 'void X::f() const volatile' cannot be overloaded
void f() const volatile; // ill-formed
^
p313.cpp:9:13: error: with 'static void X::f()'
static void f();
^
p313.cpp:24:6: error: 'void Y::i() const' cannot be overloaded
void i() const; // ill-formed, prior declaration of i
^
p313.cpp:23:6: error: with 'void Y::i() &'
void i() &;
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void f(Int)':
p313.cpp:32:6: error: redefinition of 'void f(Int)'
void f(Int i) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: 'void f(int)' previously defined here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void f(int)':
p313.cpp:36:6: error: redefinition of 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: 'void f(int)' previously defined here
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void h(int (*)())':
p313.cpp:51:6: error: redefinition of 'void h(int (*)())'
void h(int (*x)()) { } // ill-formed: redefinition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp:50:6: note: 'void h(int (*)())' previously defined here
void h(int x()) { } // definition of h(int())
^
p313.cpp: At global scope:
p313.cpp:54:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (int);
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:55:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (const int); // redeclaration of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'int f(int)':
p313.cpp:56:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(int)'
int f (int) { /* ... */ } // definition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'int f(cInt)':
p313.cpp:57:5: error: ambiguating new declaration of 'int f(cInt)'
int f (cInt) { /* ... */ } // error: redefinition of f(int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: old declaration 'void f(int)'
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp: In function 'void prog()':
p313.cpp:65:5: error: call of overloaded 'f(int)' is ambiguous
f (1); // OK: call f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:31:6: note: candidate: void f(int)
void f(int i) { /* ... */ }
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate: void f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:66:4: error: call of overloaded 'f()' is ambiguous
f (); // Error: f(int, int) or f()?
^
p313.cpp:61:6: note: candidate: void f(int, int)
void f (int i = 88, int j); // OK: redeclaration of f(int, int)
^
p313.cpp:62:6: note: candidate: void f()
void f (); // OK: overloaded declaration of f
^
コンパイルエラーをなくす修正
意味のある出力
参考資料
N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standardのコード断片をコンパイルするためにしていること
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a8d7ee2f2e29e76c19c1
コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da
Clang/Clang++(LLVM) gcc/g++(GNU) コンパイラ警告等比較
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/9a82b958cc3aeef0403f
Qiitaに投稿するCのStyle例(暫定)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/946df1528a6a1ef2bc0d
MISRA C++ 5-0-16
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7df2d4e05db724752a74
C++ Templates Part1 BASICS Chapter 3. Class Templates 3.2 Use of Class Template Stack stack1test.cpp
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/cd5fc49106fad5a4e9ed
ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1
C言語（C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a
C Puzzle Bookの有り難み5つ、C言語規格及びCコンパイラの特性を認識
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/d89a48c1536a02ecdec9
'wchar.h' file not found で困った clang++ macOS
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/de15cd46d657517fac11
Open POSIX Test Suiteの使い方を調べはじめました
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/644d5e407f5faf96e6dc
MISRA-C 2012 Referenceに掲載している文献の入手可能性を確認
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/96dc8b125e462d5575bb
どうやって MISRA Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00
MISRA C まとめ #include
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9
「C++完全理解ガイド」の同意できること上位10
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/aa5744e0c4a8618c7671
文書履歴
0.10 初稿 2080420
Author And Source
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