Pythonを利用してどうやって蛇とAI版の食いしん坊を作りますか?


pythonで普通の食いしん坊の蛇を作ります。
おはようございます。午前中がいいですか?それとも昼がいいですか?それとも午後がいいですか?それとも夜がいいですか?
蛇を食べることに貪欲で、90後の子供のころの記憶(私のこの00後も例外ではない)であるべきです。今日、私達はpythonというプログラミング言語を使って、貪食蛇を実現します。
システム:全部できます。
モジュールを導入したいです
  • ランドム
  • pygame
  • pygame.locas
  • sys
  • 上記モジュールの命令をダウンロード:
    randowmとsysはPythonが持参したものです。私達はpygameをダウンロードすればいいです。
    ダウンロードpygame:
    スタートメニューに「cmd」を入力して車を戻して開けます。コマンドを入力してください。
    アップルコンピュータを変更する必要があります:pip install pygameダウンロードした後、pythonのshellインターフェイスを開けて、pip3 install pygameを入力して、車を返して、もし間違いを報告していないならば、および代表的なインストールは完成します。
    次は何も言わずに、直接コードを送ります。
    
    import random
    import pygame
    import sys
    from pygame.locals import *
     
    Snakespeed = 17
    Window_Width = 800
    Window_Height = 500
    Cell_Size = 20 # Width and height of the cells
    # Ensuring that the cells fit perfectly in the window. eg if cell size was
    # 10 and window width or windowheight were 15 only 1.5 cells would
    # fit.
    assert Window_Width % Cell_Size == 0, "Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
    # Ensuring that only whole integer number of cells fit perfectly in the window.
    assert Window_Height % Cell_Size == 0, "Window height must be a multiple of cell size."
    Cell_W = int(Window_Width / Cell_Size) # Cell Width
    Cell_H = int(Window_Height / Cell_Size) # Cellc Height
     
     
    White = (255, 255, 255)
    Black = (0, 0, 0)
    Red = (255, 0, 0) # Defining element colors for the program.
    Green = (0, 255, 0)
    DARKGreen = (0, 155, 0)
    DARKGRAY = (40, 40, 40)
    YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
    Red_DARK = (150, 0, 0)
    BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
    BLUE_DARK = (0, 0, 150)
     
     
    BGCOLOR = Black # Background color
     
     
    UP = 'up'
    DOWN = 'down' # Defining keyboard keys.
    LEFT = 'left'
    RIGHT = 'right'
     
    HEAD = 0 # Syntactic sugar: index of the snake's head
     
     
    def main():
     global SnakespeedCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT
     
     pygame.init()
     SnakespeedCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
     DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((Window_Width, Window_Height))
     BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
     pygame.display.set_caption('Snake')
     
     showStartScreen()
     while True:
     runGame()
     showGameOverScreen()
     
     
    def runGame():
     # Set a random start point.
     startx = random.randint(5, Cell_W - 6)
     starty = random.randint(5, Cell_H - 6)
     wormCoords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty},
       {'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty},
       {'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]
     direction = RIGHT
     
     # Start the apple in a random place.
     apple = getRandomLocation()
     
     while True: # main game loop
     for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
      if event.type == QUIT:
      terminate()
      elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
      if (event.key == K_LEFT) and direction != RIGHT:
       direction = LEFT
      elif (event.key == K_RIGHT) and direction != LEFT:
       direction = RIGHT
      elif (event.key == K_UP) and direction != DOWN:
       direction = UP
      elif (event.key == K_DOWN) and direction != UP:
       direction = DOWN
      elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
       terminate()
     
     # check if the Snake has hit itself or the edge
     if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == Cell_W or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == Cell_H:
      return # game over
     for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
      if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
      return # game over
     
     # check if Snake has eaten an apply
     if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
      # don't remove worm's tail segment
      apple = getRandomLocation() # set a new apple somewhere
     else:
      del wormCoords[-1] # remove worm's tail segment
     
     # move the worm by adding a segment in the direction it is moving
     if direction == UP:
      newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
       'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
     elif direction == DOWN:
      newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
       'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
     elif direction == LEFT:
      newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
      'x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
     elif direction == RIGHT:
      newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
      'x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
     wormCoords.insert(0, newHead)
     DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
     drawGrid()
     drawWorm(wormCoords)
     drawApple(apple)
     drawScore(len(wormCoords) - 3)
     pygame.display.update()
     SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)
     
     
    def drawPressKeyMsg():
     pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play.', True, White)
     pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
     pressKeyRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 200, Window_Height - 30)
     DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)
     
     
    def checkForKeyPress():
     if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT)) > 0:
     terminate()
     keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
     if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
     return None
     if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
     terminate()
     return keyUpEvents[0].key
     
     
    def showStartScreen():
     titleFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
     titleSurf1 = titleFont.render('Snake!', True, White, DARKGreen)
     degrees1 = 0
     degrees2 = 0
     while True:
     DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
     rotatedSurf1 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf1, degrees1)
     rotatedRect1 = rotatedSurf1.get_rect()
     rotatedRect1.center = (Window_Width / 2, Window_Height / 2)
     DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf1, rotatedRect1)
     
     drawPressKeyMsg()
     
     if checkForKeyPress():
      pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
      return
     pygame.display.update()
     SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)
     degrees1 += 3 # rotate by 3 degrees each frame
     degrees2 += 7 # rotate by 7 degrees each frame
     
     
    def terminate():
     pygame.quit()
     sys.exit()
     
     
    def getRandomLocation():
     return {'x': random.randint(0, Cell_W - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, Cell_H - 1)}
     
     
    def showGameOverScreen():
     gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
     gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game', True, White)
     overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over', True, White)
     gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
     overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
     gameRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, 10)
     overRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)
     
     DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
     DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
     drawPressKeyMsg()
     pygame.display.update()
     pygame.time.wait(500)
     checkForKeyPress() # clear out any key presses in the event queue
     
     while True:
     if checkForKeyPress():
      pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
      return
     
     
    def drawScore(score):
     scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % (score), True, White)
     scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
     scoreRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 120, 10)
     DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)
     
     
    def drawWorm(wormCoords):
     for coord in wormCoords:
     x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
     y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
     wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
     pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGreen, wormSegmentRect)
     wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(
      x + 4, y + 4, Cell_Size - 8, Cell_Size - 8)
     pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Green, wormInnerSegmentRect)
     
     
    def drawApple(coord):
     x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
     y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
     appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
     pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Red, appleRect)
     
     
    def drawGrid():
     for x in range(0, Window_Width, Cell_Size): # draw vertical lines
     pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, Window_Height))
     for y in range(0, Window_Height, Cell_Size): # draw horizontal lines
     pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (Window_Width, y))
     
     
    if __name__ == '__main__':
     try:
     main()
     except SystemExit:
     pass
    以上はヘビを食べるためのコードのすべてです。次はAI版の食いしん坊蛇を作ります。
    pythonでAI版を作って蛇を食べます。
    AI版はへびをむさぼり、つまりシステムに自分でへびを食べさせて、ひと言:自分で自分を遊びます。次から開始します
    システム:何でもいいです。
    インポートするモジュール:
  • pygame
  • sys
  • time
  • ランドドム
  • もしあなたが既にpygameをダウンロードしたら、直接開始できます。
    何も言わずにそのままコードを送ります。
    
    #coding: utf-8
    import pygame,sys,time,random
    from pygame.locals import *
    #       
    redColour = pygame.Color(255,0,0)
    blackColour = pygame.Color(0,0,0)
    whiteColour = pygame.Color(255,255,255)
    greenColour = pygame.Color(0,255,0)
    headColour = pygame.Color(0,119,255)
    
    #  :         ,    pygame    ,     (//)       (/)
    
    #         ,   0 ,HEIGHT , 0 ,WIDTH    ,     13*13
    HEIGHT = 15
    WIDTH = 15
    FIELD_SIZE = HEIGHT * WIDTH
    #     snake        
    HEAD = 0
    
    #           ,                         ,
    #                  (>HEIGHT*WIDTH)     
    #        ,      
    FOOD = 0
    UNDEFINED = (HEIGHT + 1) * (WIDTH + 1)
    SNAKE = 2 * UNDEFINED
    
    #   snake     ,                       
    LEFT = -1
    RIGHT = 1
    UP = -WIDTH#    ,                   
    DOWN = WIDTH 
    
    #    
    ERR = -2333
    
    #              
    # board          
    #       (1,1)   
    #       1
    board = [0] * FIELD_SIZE #[0,0,0,……]
    snake = [0] * (FIELD_SIZE+1)
    snake[HEAD] = 1*WIDTH+1
    snake_size = 1
    #             ,          
    tmpboard = [0] * FIELD_SIZE
    tmpsnake = [0] * (FIELD_SIZE+1)
    tmpsnake[HEAD] = 1*WIDTH+1
    tmpsnake_size = 1
    
    # food:       (4, 7)
    # best_move:     
    food = 4 * WIDTH + 7
    best_move = ERR
    
    #       ,    (  )
    mov = [LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN]           
    score = 1 
    
    #     cell        ,      free,  true
    def is_cell_free(idx, psize, psnake):
     return not (idx in psnake[:psize]) 
    
    #       idx    move    
    def is_move_possible(idx, move):
     flag = False
     if move == LEFT:
      #       13*13,[1,13]*[1,13],  idx 1      ,     1  >1
      flag = True if idx%WIDTH > 1 else False
     elif move == RIGHT:
      #   <WIDTH-2         
      flag = True if idx%WIDTH < (WIDTH-2) else False
     elif move == UP:
      #             ,   [1,13]*[1,13]        ,   
      #     ,           ,                
      flag = True if idx > (2*WIDTH-1) else False
     elif move == DOWN:
      flag = True if idx < (FIELD_SIZE-2*WIDTH) else False
     return flag
    #   board
    # board_BFS ,UNDEFINED              
    #      ,     
    def board_reset(psnake, psize, pboard):
     for i in range(FIELD_SIZE):
      if i == food:
       pboard[i] = FOOD
      elif is_cell_free(i, psize, psnake): #      
       pboard[i] = UNDEFINED
      else: #       
       pboard[i] = SNAKE
     
    #           board,
    #    board    SNAKE           
    def board_BFS(pfood, psnake, pboard):
     queue = []
     queue.append(pfood)
     inqueue = [0] * FIELD_SIZE
     found = False
     # while     ,      ,
     #                       
     while len(queue)!=0: 
      idx = queue.pop(0)#   idx       
      if inqueue[idx] == 1: continue
      inqueue[idx] = 1
      for i in range(4):#    
       if is_move_possible(idx, mov[i]):
        if idx + mov[i] == psnake[HEAD]:
         found = True
        if pboard[idx+mov[i]] < SNAKE: #           
         if pboard[idx+mov[i]] > pboard[idx]+1:#       ,            
          pboard[idx+mov[i]] = pboard[idx] + 1
         if inqueue[idx+mov[i]] == 0:
          queue.append(idx+mov[i])
     return found
    
    #      ,  board    ,
    #      4           
    def choose_shortest_safe_move(psnake, pboard):
     best_move = ERR
     min = SNAKE
     for i in range(4):
      if is_move_possible(psnake[HEAD], mov[i]) and pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]<min:
       #                ,     ,       
       min = pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]
       best_move = mov[i]
     return best_move
    
    #      ,  board    ,
    #      4           
    def choose_longest_safe_move(psnake, pboard):
     best_move = ERR
     max = -1
     for i in range(4):
      if is_move_possible(psnake[HEAD], mov[i]) and pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]<UNDEFINED and pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]>max:
       max = pboard[psnake[HEAD]+mov[i]]
       best_move = mov[i]
     return best_move
    
    #             ,            
    #            
    #     , tmpboard,tmpsnake   
    def is_tail_inside():
     global tmpboard, tmpsnake, food, tmpsnake_size
     tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = 0 #           (      ,   tmpsnake,tmpboard   )
     tmpboard[food] = SNAKE #        ,    
     result = board_BFS(tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1], tmpsnake, tmpboard) #               
     for i in range(4): #           ,   False。   follow_tail,       
      if is_move_possible(tmpsnake[HEAD], mov[i]) and tmpsnake[HEAD]+mov[i]==tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1] and tmpsnake_size>3:
       result = False
     return result
    
    #            
    #       ,       
    def follow_tail():
     global tmpboard, tmpsnake, food, tmpsnake_size
     tmpsnake_size = snake_size
     tmpsnake = snake[:]
     board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard) #     board
     tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = FOOD #        
     tmpboard[food] = SNAKE #           
     board_BFS(tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1], tmpsnake, tmpboard) #                
     tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size-1]] = SNAKE #     
     return choose_longest_safe_move(tmpsnake, tmpboard) #       (     1 )
    
    #          ,            (1 ),
    def any_possible_move():
     global food , snake, snake_size, board
     best_move = ERR
     board_reset(snake, snake_size, board)
     board_BFS(food, snake, board)
     min = SNAKE
    
     for i in range(4):
      if is_move_possible(snake[HEAD], mov[i]) and board[snake[HEAD]+mov[i]]<min:
       min = board[snake[HEAD]+mov[i]]
       best_move = mov[i]
     return best_move
     
    #      
    def shift_array(arr, size):
     for i in range(size, 0, -1):
      arr[i] = arr[i-1]
    
    def new_food():#          
     global food, snake_size
     cell_free = False
     while not cell_free:
      w = random.randint(1, WIDTH-2)
      h = random.randint(1, HEIGHT-2)
      food = WIDTH*h + w
      cell_free = is_cell_free(food, snake_size, snake)
     pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,redColour,Rect(18*(food//WIDTH), 18*(food%WIDTH),18,18))
    
    #           , pbest_move 1 
    def make_move(pbest_move):
     global snake, board, snake_size, score
     shift_array(snake, snake_size)
     snake[HEAD] += pbest_move
     p = snake[HEAD]
     for body in snake:#  ,  , , 
      pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,whiteColour,Rect(18*(body//WIDTH), 18*(body%WIDTH),18,18))
     pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,greenColour,Rect(18*(snake[snake_size-1]//WIDTH),18*(snake[snake_size-1]%WIDTH),18,18))
     pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,headColour,Rect(18*(p//WIDTH), 18*(p%WIDTH),18,18))
     #                   bug  
     pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,(255,255,0),Rect(0,0,18,18))
     #   pygame   
     pygame.display.flip() 
     
     #                
     #    1,      ,  board(                )
     if snake[HEAD] == food:
      board[snake[HEAD]] = SNAKE #     
      snake_size += 1
      score += 1
      if snake_size < FIELD_SIZE: new_food()
     else: #                
      board[snake[HEAD]] = SNAKE #     
      board[snake[snake_size]] = UNDEFINED #     UNDEFINED,  
      pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,blackColour,Rect(18*(snake[snake_size]//WIDTH),18*(snake[snake_size]%WIDTH),18,18))
      #   pygame   
      pygame.display.flip() 
    
    #        ,                
    #        。
    #          ,       board   
    def virtual_shortest_move():
     global snake, board, snake_size, tmpsnake, tmpboard, tmpsnake_size, food
     tmpsnake_size = snake_size
     tmpsnake = snake[:] #     tmpsnake=snake,          
     tmpboard = board[:] # board                 ,     
     board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard)
     
     food_eated = False
     while not food_eated:
      board_BFS(food, tmpsnake, tmpboard) 
      move = choose_shortest_safe_move(tmpsnake, tmpboard)
      shift_array(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size)
      tmpsnake[HEAD] += move #             
      #                    
      #     1,  board,             (SNAKE)
      if tmpsnake[HEAD] == food:
       tmpsnake_size += 1
       board_reset(tmpsnake, tmpsnake_size, tmpboard) #      ,  board   
       tmpboard[food] = SNAKE
       food_eated = True
      else: #            ,          ,        
       tmpboard[tmpsnake[HEAD]] = SNAKE
       tmpboard[tmpsnake[tmpsnake_size]] = UNDEFINED
    
    #           ,      
    def find_safe_way():
     global snake, board
     safe_move = ERR
     #        ,              ,      
     #           board    , tmpboard
     virtual_shortest_move() #         
     if is_tail_inside(): #        ,        ,       (1 )
      return choose_shortest_safe_move(snake, board)
     safe_move = follow_tail() #      follow_tail 1 ,      ,  true
     return safe_move
    
    
    #   pygame
    pygame.init()
    #              
    fpsClock = pygame.time.Clock()
    #   pygame   
    playSurface = pygame.display.set_mode((270,270))
    pygame.display.set_caption('   ')
    #   pygame   
    playSurface.fill(blackColour)
    #     
    pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,redColour,Rect(18*(food//WIDTH), 18*(food%WIDTH),18,18))
    
    while True:
     for event in pygame.event.get():#           
      if event.type == QUIT:#      
       print(score)#         
       pygame.quit()
       sys.exit()
      elif event.type == KEYDOWN:#  esc    
       if event.key==K_ESCAPE:
        print(score)#         
        pygame.quit()
        sys.exit()
     #   pygame   
     pygame.display.flip() 
     #   ,255,255,0   ,   36   ,pygame        ,       
     pygame.draw.rect(playSurface,(255,255,0),Rect(0,0,270,270),36)
     #     
     board_reset(snake, snake_size, board)
     #          ,board_BFS  true
     #   board     (=SNAKE),                      
     if board_BFS(food, snake, board):
      best_move = find_safe_way() # find_safe_way      
     else:
      best_move = follow_tail()
     if best_move == ERR:
      best_move = any_possible_move()
     #       ,       ,    
     if best_move != ERR: make_move(best_move)
     else:
      print(score)#         
      break
     #       
     fpsClock.tick(20)#20       
    
    
    
    ok、これが今日の内容の全部です。
    ここでPythonを利用して貪食蛇とAI版の貪食蛇をどのように作成するかについての記事を紹介します。Pythonに関連して、貪食蛇とAI版の食いしん坊を作っています。以前の文章を検索してください。または次の関連記事を引き続きご覧ください。これからも私たちを応援してください。