SQL SERVERプログラミングの基本文法

一、変数を定義する

--     
declare @a int
set @a=5 
print @a 

--  select     
declare @user1 nvarchar(50) 
select @user1='  '
print @user1 
declare @user2 nvarchar(50) 
select @user2 = Name from ST_User where ID=1 
print @user2 

--  update     
declare @user3 nvarchar(50) 
update ST_User set @user3 = Name where ID=1 
print @user3

二、表、臨時表、表変数

--     1 
create table #DU_User1 
( 
     [ID] [int]  NOT NULL, 
     [Oid] [int] NOT NULL, 
     [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL, 
     [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL, 
     [Name] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL, 
     [Password] [nvarchar](max) NULL, 
     [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL
); 
--    1       
insert into #DU_User1 (ID,Oid,[Login],Rtx,Name,[Password],State) values (100,2,'LS','0000','  ','321','  '); 

-- ST_User    ，           
select * into #DU_User2 from ST_User1 where ID<8 

--          
select * from #DU_User2 where ID<3 union select * from #DU_User1 

--       
drop table #DU_User1 
drop table #DU_User2

--      
CREATE TABLE #t 
( 
    [ID] [int] NOT NULL, 
    [Oid] [int] NOT NULL, 
    [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL, 
    [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL, 
    [Name] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL, 
    [Password] [nvarchar](max) NULL, 
    [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL, 
) 

--      （    ）      
insert into #t select * from ST_User 
--       
--select * into #t from dbo.ST_User 

--    ， int       
alter table #t add [myid] int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) 
--    ，           
alter table #t add [myid1] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL default(newid()) 

select * from #t 
drop table #t
--             

--    ： 
select IDENTITY(int,1,1)as ID, Name,[Login],[Password] into #t from ST_User 
select * from #t 

--    ： 
select (select SUM(1) from ST_User where ID<= a.ID) as myID,* from ST_User a order by myID
--      
declare @t table
( 
    id int not null, 
    msg nvarchar(50) null
) 
insert into @t values(1,'1') 
insert into @t values(2,'2') 
select * from @t

サイクル

--while    1 100   
declare @a int
declare @sum int
set @a=1 
set @sum=0 
while @a<=100 
begin
    set @sum+=@a 
    set @a+=1 
end
print @sum

四、条件文

--if,else     
if(1+1=2) 
begin
    print ' '
end
else
begin
    print ' '
end

--when then     
declare @today int
declare @week nvarchar(3) 
set @today=3 
set @week=case
    when @today=1 then '   '
    when @today=2 then '   '
    when @today=3 then '   '
    when @today=4 then '   '
    when @today=5 then '   '
    when @today=6 then '   '
    when @today=7 then '   '
    else '   '
end
print @week

五、ランドマーク

eclare @ID int
declare @Oid int
declare @Login varchar(50) 

--       
declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User 
--     
open user_cur 
while @@fetch_status=0 
begin
--     
    fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login 
    print @ID 
    --print @Login 
end
close user_cur 
--     
deallocate user_cur

六、トリガートリガーの仮表:
Insertedはinsertとudate操作後のデータDeletedを格納してdeleteとudate操作前のデータを保存します.

--      
Create trigger User_OnUpdate  
    On ST_User  
    for Update 
As 
    declare @msg nvarchar(50) 
    --@msg       
    select @msg = N'   “' + Deleted.Name + N'”   “' + Inserted.Name + '”' from Inserted,Deleted 
    --      
    insert into [LOG](MSG)values(@msg) 

--      
drop trigger User_OnUpdate

七、保存プロセス

--   output        
CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum 
    @a int, 
    @b int, 
    @sum int output
AS
BEGIN
    set @sum=@a+@b 
END

--  Return        
CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum2 
    @a int, 
    @b int
AS
BEGIN
    Return @a+@b 
END

--        output     
declare @mysum int
execute PR_Sum 1,2,@mysum output
print @mysum 

--        Return     
declare @mysum2 int
execute @mysum2= PR_Sum2 1,2 
print @mysum2

八、関数

--        
create function FUNC_Sum1 
( 
    @a int, 
    @b int
) 
returns int
as
begin
    return @a+@b 
end

--         
create function FUNC_UserTab_1 
( 
    @myId int
) 
returns table
as
return (select * from ST_User where IDcreate function FUNC_UserTab_2 
( 
    @myId int
) 
returns @t table
( 
    [ID] [int] NOT NULL, 
    [Oid] [int] NOT NULL, 
    [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL, 
    [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL, 
    [Name] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL, 
    [Password] [nvarchar](max) NULL, 
    [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL
) 
as
begin
    insert into @t select * from ST_User where IDend

--       
select * from dbo.FUNC_UserTab_1(15) 
--        
declare @s int
set @s=dbo.FUNC_Sum1(100,50) 
print @s 

--        
drop function FUNC_Sum1