C#で時間のかかるタスクを処理するいくつかの方法

9444 ワード

0、準備
まず、時間のかかるタスクをいくつか作成します.
public class TestTasks

{

    // 、 

    public void Task1()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("task1.");

        Thread.Sleep(5000);

        Console.WriteLine("task1 completed.");

    }



    // 、 

    public void Task2(int x)

    {

        if (x < 2000) 

        {

            x += 2000;

        }

        Console.WriteLine("task2.");

        Thread.Sleep(x);

        Console.WriteLine("task2 completed.");

    }



    // , 

    public int Task3(int x)

    {

        if (x < 2000)

        {

            x += 2000;

        }

        Console.WriteLine("task3.");

        Thread.Sleep(x);

        Console.WriteLine("task3 completed.");

        return x;

    }

}


1、新しいスレッドの実行方法を作成する

var tt = new TestTasks();



new Thread(tt.Task1).Start();



// , Lambda ParameterizedThreadStart 

new Thread(x=>tt.Task2((int)x)).Start((object)1000);



// ParameterizedThreadStart, object, 。

//new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(tt.Task2)).Start((object)1000);


注:この方法では、戻り値付きのメソッドは実行できません.
おすすめインデックス:★

2、非同期呼び出し方式による実行方法

var tt = new TestTasks();



Action ac = tt.Task1;

Action<int> ac2 = tt.Task2;

ac.BeginInvoke(null, null);

ac2.BeginInvoke(1000, null, null);



// , 

// 

private delegate int AsyncCaller(int x); // 



AsyncCaller ac = new AsyncCaller(tt.Task3);

var asyncResult =  ac.BeginInvoke(1000,null,null);

int result = ac.EndInvoke(asyncResult); // 



// , Func 

Func<int,int> ac = tt.Task3;

var asyncResult =  ac.BeginInvoke(1000,null,null);

int result = ac.EndInvoke(asyncResult);


注意:このようにして新しいスレッドを生成するのはバックグラウンドで実行され、優先度はnormalです.
おすすめインデックス:★

3.ThreadPool(ラインプール)による実行方法

var tt = new TestTasks();



ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(o => tt.Task1());

ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(o => tt.Task2(1000));


注意:この方法では戻り値はサポートされていません.戻り値を導入タイプのパラメータに保存し、迂回実装できます.
おすすめインデックス:★★

4、BackgroundWorker(バックグラウンドWorker)による実行方法

var tt = new TestTasks();



var bw = new BackgroundWorker();

bw.DoWork += (sender, e) => tt.Task1();

bw.DoWork += (sender, e) => tt.Task2(1000); 



// , Result。

bw.DoWork += (sender, e) => e.Result = tt.Task3(1000);



bw.RunWorkerAsync();



// 

bw.RunWorkerCompleted += (sender, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Result);


注意:BackgroundWorkerを使用してDoWorkイベントを登録するタスクは1つずつしか実行できません.複数のタスクを同時に実行するには、複数のBackgroundWorkerが必要です.戻り値を使用するには、Resultに値を割り当てることを忘れないでください.
おすすめインデックス:★

5、同時にTask実行方法

var tt = new TestTasks();



var t1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(tt.Task1);

var t2 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => tt.Task2(1000));

var t3 =Task.Factory.StartNew(() => tt.Task3(1000));



// t1,t2,t3 

Task.WaitAll(t1,t2,t3);

Console.WriteLine(t3.Result);


注意:Taskは柔軟な制御能力を持ち、同時に単独で待つことができ、複数の待つことができる.
おすすめインデックス:★★★

6、async/await実行方法を使用する

private async void AsyncRunTask()

{

    var tt = new TestTasks();

    await Task.Factory.StartNew(tt.Task1);

    await Task.Factory.StartNew(() => tt.Task2(1000));

    var result = await Task.Factory.StartNew(() => tt.Task3(1000));

    Console.WriteLine(result);

}



AsyncRunTask();

Console.WriteLine(" , 。");


注意:Framework 4が必要です.5のサポート
おすすめインデックス:★★★

The End


原理がなくて、言叶がなくて、みんなの聡明な脳で、すでにどのようにC#の中で时间のタスクを実行してマルチスレッドを使うことをマスターしましたと信じています.
 
<!--
/* GitHub stylesheet for MarkdownPad (http://markdownpad.com) */
/* Author: Nicolas Hery - http://nicolashery.com */
/* Version: b13fe65ca28d2e568c6ed5d7f06581183df8f2ff */
/* Source: https://github.com/nicolahery/markdownpad-github */
/* RESET
=============================================================================*/
html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td, article, aside, canvas, details, embed, figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary, time, mark, audio, video {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
}
/* BODY
=============================================================================*/
body {
font-family: Helvetica, arial, freesans, clean, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 1.6;
color: #333;
background-color: #fff;
padding: 20px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
body>*:first-child {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
body>*:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}
/* BLOCKS
=============================================================================*/
p, blockquote, ul, ol, dl, table, pre {
margin: 15px 0;
}
/* HEADERS
=============================================================================*/
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
margin: 20px 0 10px;
padding: 0;
font-weight: bold;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
h1 tt, h1 code, h2 tt, h2 code, h3 tt, h3 code, h4 tt, h4 code, h5 tt, h5 code, h6 tt, h6 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h1 {
font-size: 28px;
color: #000;
}
h2 {
font-size: 24px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
color: #000;
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
}
h4 {
font-size: 16px;
}
h5 {
font-size: 14px;
}
h6 {
color: #777;
font-size: 14px;
}
body>h2:first-child, body>h1:first-child, body>h1:first-child+h2, body>h3:first-child, body>h4:first-child, body>h5:first-child, body>h6:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
padding-top: 0;
}
a:first-child h1, a:first-child h2, a:first-child h3, a:first-child h4, a:first-child h5, a:first-child h6 {
margin-top: 0;
padding-top: 0;
}
h1+p, h2+p, h3+p, h4+p, h5+p, h6+p {
margin-top: 10px;
}
/* LINKS
=============================================================================*/
a {
color: #4183C4;
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
/* LISTS
=============================================================================*/
ul, ol {
padding-left: 30px;
}
ul li > :first-child,
ol li > :first-child,
ul li ul:first-of-type,
ol li ol:first-of-type,
ul li ol:first-of-type,
ol li ul:first-of-type {
margin-top: 0px;
}
ul ul, ul ol, ol ol, ol ul {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
dl {
padding: 0;
}
dl dt {
font-size: 14px;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
padding: 0;
margin: 15px 0 5px;
}
dl dt:first-child {
padding: 0;
}
dl dt>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
dl dt>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
dl dd {
margin: 0 0 15px;
padding: 0 15px;
}
dl dd>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
dl dd>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
/* CODE
=============================================================================*/
pre, code, tt {
font-size: 12px;
font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
}
code, tt {
margin: 0 0px;
padding: 0px 0px;
white-space: nowrap;
border: 1px solid #eaeaea;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 3px;
}
pre>code {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
white-space: pre;
border: none;
background: transparent;
}
pre {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 19px;
overflow: auto;
padding: 6px 10px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
pre code, pre tt {
background-color: transparent;
border: none;
}
kbd {
-moz-border-bottom-colors: none;
-moz-border-left-colors: none;
-moz-border-right-colors: none;
-moz-border-top-colors: none;
background-color: #DDDDDD;
background-image: linear-gradient(#F1F1F1, #DDDDDD);
background-repeat: repeat-x;
border-color: #DDDDDD #CCCCCC#CCCCCC#DDDDDD;
border-image: none;
border-radius: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 1px;
font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
line-height: 10px;
padding: 1px 4px;
}
/* QUOTES
=============================================================================*/
blockquote {
border-left: 4px solid #DDD;
padding: 0 15px;
color: #777;
}
blockquote>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
blockquote>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
/* HORIZONTAL RULES
=============================================================================*/
hr {
clear: both;
margin: 15px 0;
height: 0px;
overflow: hidden;
border: none;
background: transparent;
border-bottom: 4px solid #ddd;
padding: 0;
}
/* IMAGES
=============================================================================*/
img {
max-width: 100%
}
-->