Stm 32 f 429移植linux 4.13.12
15796 ワード
書きにくいので、転載は出典を明記してください.
2つの移植方法を紹介する
1つ目:AFboot+Linux 4.13.12 + Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
第2種:u-boot-2016.03+Linux 4.13.12 + Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
ハードウェアプラットフォーム:stm 32 f 429-discovery
ソフトウェアプラットフォーム:ubuntu-12.04
1.クロスコンパイラのダウンロード
ダウンロード先:https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download
私がダウンロードしたのはgcc-arm-none-eabi-5_です.4-2016q3-20160926-linux.tar.bz2
クロスコンパイラをインストールします.
2.linux 4をダウンロードする.13.12ソース
ダウンロード先:https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
Linux-4.13.12をダウンロードします.tar.xz
3.ubootをダウンロード
ダウンロード先:http://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/
u-boot-2016.03をダウンロードします.tar.bz2
4.afbootをダウンロード
ダウンロード先:https://github.com/mcoquelin-stm32/afboot-stm32.git
afboot-stm 32-masterをダウンロードします.zip
5.rootfsのダウンロード
ダウンロード先:https://elinux.org/File:Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
Stm 32をダウンロードmini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
AFboot + Linux4.13.12+ Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
afbootのMakefileを開くと、kernelとdtbのFLASHでの位置がわかります
KERNEL_ADDR?=0x08008000
DTB_ADDR?=0x08004000
コンパイルafboot:make stm 32 f 429 i-disco
stm 32 f 429 i-discoが得る.bin.
ファイルシステムはinitramfsを使用して、ダウンロードするStm 32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz 2解凍
先にcpioファイルに解凍:bzip 2-d Stm 32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
フォルダrootfsの作成:mkdir rootfs
ファイルをrootfsフォルダに解凍します:cpio-idmv<..../Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio
devにnull,tty 0,consoleノードがあるかどうか見てみましょう.ない場合はdevフォルダにこの3つのノードを作成する必要があります.
sudo mknod console c 5 1
sudo mknod null c 1 3
sudo mknod tty0 c 204 64rootfsフォルダの下にinitファイルを追加し、ファイルに次の内容を追加します.
#!/bin/sh
# devtmpfs does not get automounted for initramfs
/bin/mount -t devtmpfs devtmpfs /dev
exec 0/dev/console
exec 2>/dev/console
exec /sbin/init $Linux 4を構成する.9コア:make stm 32_defconfig
menuconfigにrootfsファイルを追加するファイルのパス
[*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support
(/work/system/my-linux/rootfs) Initramfs source file(s) コンパイルカーネル:make
生成されたカーネルのパス:arch/arm/boot/xipImage
生成デバイスツリーパス:arch/arm/boot/dts/stm 32 f 429-disco.dtb
xipImageとstm 32 f 429-discoに直接与える.dtb接尾辞名を追加する.bin、そうすればj-flashやst-link焼きでflashに書くことができます.
ライティングシステム
stm32f429i-disco.bin焼は0 x 0800000まで書いてあります
stm32f429-disco.dtb.bin焼きは0 x 08004000まで書きました
xipImage.bin焼は0 x 080800000まで書いてあります
.[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.13.12 (lyd@ubuntu) (gcc version 5.4.1 20160919 (release) [ARM/embedded-5-branch revision 240496] (GNU Tools for ARM Embedded Processors)) #8 PREEMPT Thu Aug 9 02:55:36 PDT 2018
[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7-M [410fc241] revision 1 (ARMv7M), cr=00000000
[ 0.000000] CPU: unknown data cache, unknown instruction cache
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: STMicroelectronics STM32F429i-DISCO board
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 2032
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram rdinit=/linuxrc
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 32 (order: -5, 128 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 7772K/8192K available (1147K kernel code, 130K rwdata, 392K rodata, 61K init, 114K bss, 420K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[ 0.000000] vector : 0x00000000 - 0x00001000 ( 4 kB)
[ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB)
[ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (4095 MB)
[ 0.000000] lowmem : 0x90000000 - 0x90800000 ( 8 MB)
[ 0.000000] .text : 0x08008000 - 0x08188fec (1540 kB)
[ 0.000000] .init : 0x9000a000 - 0x9000d000 ( 12 kB)
[ 0.000000] .data : 0x90008000 - 0x9002ba60 ( 143 kB)
[ 0.000000] .bss : 0x9002ba60 - 0x90048264 ( 115 kB)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[ 0.000000] /soc/interrupt-controller@40013c00: 23 External IRQs detected
[ 0.000000] clocksource: arm_system_timer: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 355517175 ns
[ 0.000000] ARM System timer initialized as clocksource
[ 0.000000] /soc/timer@40000c00: STM32 clockevent driver initialized (32 bits)
[ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 100 Hz, resolution 10000000ns, wraps every 21474836475000000ns
[ 0.010000] Calibrating delay loop... 110.48 BogoMIPS (lpj=552448)
[ 0.100000] pid_max: default: 4096 minimum: 301
[ 0.100000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.100000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.100000] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.110000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.160000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 0.160000] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.200000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOA bank added
[ 0.200000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOB bank added
[ 0.200000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOC bank added
[ 0.200000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOD bank added
[ 0.200000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOE bank added
[ 0.210000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOF bank added
[ 0.210000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOG bank added
[ 0.210000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOH bank added
[ 0.210000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOI bank added
[ 0.210000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOJ bank added
[ 0.220000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOK bank added
[ 0.220000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: Pinctrl STM32 initialized
[ 0.290000] stm32-dma 40026000.dma-controller: STM32 DMA driver registered
[ 0.300000] stm32-dma 40026400.dma-controller: STM32 DMA driver registered
[ 0.300000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arm_system_timer
[ 0.500000] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=11 bucket_order=0
[ 0.560000] random: fast init done
[ 0.600000] io scheduler noop registered (default)
[ 0.600000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 0.600000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 0.600000] STM32 USART driver initialized
[ 0.600000] 40011000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x40011000 (irq = 32, base_baud = 5250000) is a stm32-usart
[ 0.980000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 0.990000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: rtc core: registered 40002800.rtc as rtc0
[ 1.000000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: Date/Time must be initialized
[ 1.010000] i2c /dev entries driver
[ 1.030000] input: gpio_keys as /devices/platform/gpio_keys/input/input0
[ 1.040000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-01 01:58:22 UTC (946691902)
[ 1.050000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 12K
[ 1.060000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
/ # ls
bin dev etc init linuxrc proc sbin sys usr
/ # u-boot-2016.03+ Linux4.13.12+ Stm32_mini_rootfs.cpio.bz2
構成uboot:make stm 32 f 429-discovery_defconfig
コンパイルuboot:make
ubootを生成bin
rootfsは前述の移植に従っている.
コンパイルlinux
いくつかの点を修正する必要があります.
arch/arm/configs/stm32_defconfigのCONFIG_DRAM_BASEは0 xD 00000000に変更された.
arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32f429-disco.dtsのreg=<0 x 9000000 0 x 8000000>を
reg = <0xD0000000 0x800000>.
もう一つ、私はここで長い間カードをかけて、ずっとstart kernelにカードをかけていました...その後、emcraftが提供するカーネルを使用すると、正常に動作することが分かった.私が移植したカーネルentey pointとload addressは同じであることが分かったが、emcraftが提供するカーネルentry pointはload addressより1大きく、私はemcraftの修正カーネルに従ってlinux 13を発見した.12正常に使用できます.具体的な修正:scripts/Makefile.libでUIMAGEを変更ENTRYADDR、以下のようになります
UIMAGE_LOADADDR ?= arch_must_set_this
UIMAGE_ENTRYADDR =$(shell echo $(UIMAGE_LOADADDR) | sed -e "s/..$$/01/")
UIMAGE_NAME ?= 'Linux-$(KERNELRELEASE)'コンパイルカーネル:make uImage LOADDR=0 xD 0008000、uImageファイルを生成
コンパイルデバイスツリー:make dtbs、stm 32 f 429-discoを生成する.dtb
ライティングシステム
ubootをホームアドレス0 x 0800000のflashに書き込み、ubootのコマンドloadbを使用してuImageをSDRAMに転送し、アドレスは0 xD 0100000、stm 32 f 429-discoとする.dtbは0 xD 0300000位置に転送される.
bootm D 0100000-D 0300000 Linuxシステムの起動
U-Boot 2016.03 (Aug 10 2018 - 03:41:25 -0700)
DRAM: 8 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: 2 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial_stm32
Out: serial_stm32
Err: serial_stm32
Net: Net Initialization Skipped
No ethernet found.
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
U-Boot > loadb d0100000
## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0xD0100000 at 115200 bps...
Starting kermit transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring uImage...
100% 1136 KB 8 KB/sec 00:02:07 0 Errors
## Total Size = 0x0011c080 = 1163392 Bytes
## Start Addr = 0xD0100000
U-Boot > loadb d0300000
## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0xD0300000 at 115200 bps...
Starting kermit transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring stm32f429-disco.dtb...
100% 15 KB 15 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors
## Total Size = 0x00003cbc = 15548 Bytes
## Start Addr = 0xD0300000
U-Boot > bootm d0100000 - d0300000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at d0100000 ...
Image Name: Linux-4.13.12
Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 1163328 Bytes = 1.1 MiB
Load Address: d0008000
Entry Point: d0008001
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at d0300000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0xd0300000
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
Loading Device Tree to d05cf000, end d05d5cbb ... OK
Starting kernel ...
[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.13.12 (lyd@ubuntu) (gcc version 5.4.1 20160919 (release) [ARM/embedded-5-branch revision 240496] (GNU Tools for ARM Embedded Processors)) #1 PREEMPT Fri Aug 10 20:52:19 PDT 2018
[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7-M [410fc241] revision 1 (ARMv7M), cr=00000000
[ 0.000000] CPU: unknown data cache, unknown instruction cache
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: STMicroelectronics STM32F429i-DISCO board
[ 0.000000] debug: ignoring loglevel setting.
[ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 2048
[ 0.000000] free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat d01d93e0, node_mem_map d07f0000
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 16 pages used for memmap
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 0 pages reserved
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 2048 pages, LIFO batch:0
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 2032
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 earlyprintk consoleblank=0 ignore_loglevel
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 32 (order: -5, 128 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 6036K/8192K available (1074K kernel code, 126K rwdata, 376K rodata, 212K init, 114K bss, 2156K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[ 0.000000] vector : 0x00000000 - 0x00001000 ( 4 kB)
[ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB)
[ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (4095 MB)
[ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xd0000000 - 0xd0800000 ( 8 MB)
[ 0.000000] .text : 0xd0008000 - 0xd0114940 (1075 kB)
[ 0.000000] .init : 0xd0185000 - 0xd01ba000 ( 212 kB)
[ 0.000000] .data : 0xd01ba000 - 0xd01d9a60 ( 127 kB)
[ 0.000000] .bss : 0xd01d9a60 - 0xd01f6264 ( 115 kB)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[ 0.000000] /soc/interrupt-controller@40013c00: 23 External IRQs detected
[ 0.000000] clocksource: arm_system_timer: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 331816030 ns
[ 0.000000] ARM System timer initialized as clocksource
[ 0.000000] /soc/timer@40000c00: STM32 clockevent driver initialized (32 bits)
[ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 100 Hz, resolution 10000000ns, wraps every 21474836475000000ns
[ 0.010000] Calibrating delay loop... 14.25 BogoMIPS (lpj=71296)
[ 0.120000] pid_max: default: 4096 minimum: 301
[ 0.120000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.120000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.140000] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.160000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.310000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 0.310000] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.410000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOA bank added
[ 0.420000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOB bank added
[ 0.420000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOC bank added
[ 0.430000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOD bank added
[ 0.440000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOE bank added
[ 0.440000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOF bank added
[ 0.450000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOG bank added
[ 0.450000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOH bank added
[ 0.460000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOI bank added
[ 0.460000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOJ bank added
[ 0.470000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: GPIOK bank added
[ 0.470000] stm32f429-pinctrl soc:pin-controller: Pinctrl STM32 initialized
[ 0.690000] stm32-dma 40026000.dma-controller: STM32 DMA driver registered
[ 0.730000] stm32-dma 40026400.dma-controller: STM32 DMA driver registered
[ 0.750000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arm_system_timer
[ 1.280000] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=11 bucket_order=0
[ 1.460000] random: fast init done
[ 1.580000] io scheduler noop registered (default)
[ 1.580000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 1.580000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 1.590000] STM32 USART driver initialized
[ 1.590000] 40011000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x40011000 (irq = 32, base_baud = 5625000) is a stm32-usart
[ 2.020000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 2.050000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: rtc core: registered 40002800.rtc as rtc0
[ 2.060000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: Date/Time must be initialized
[ 2.070000] i2c /dev entries driver
[ 2.120000] input: gpio_keys as /devices/platform/gpio_keys/input/input0
[ 2.130000] stm32_rtc 40002800.rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-01 02:19:54 UTC (946693194)
[ 2.170000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 212K
[ 2.170000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
/ # ls
bin dev etc init linuxrc proc sbin sys usr
/ # linux 4も試してみました.9とlinux 4,17、そのうちlinux 4.9は正常に使用できます.linux 4.17まだ問題があります.移植の問題は解決して、下は長い駆動でレンガを運ぶことができます.
ここは実行ファイルをダウンロードすることができて、怠けたいのは直接ダウンロードすることができます
https://download.csdn.net/download/u011371090/10597526
以下の文書を参考にして、これらの資料を書いた大神たちに感謝します.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41321971/running-linux-4-9-on-cortex-m4-stm32f4-29i-disc1
https://blog.csdn.net/u010444107/article/details/78580947
https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_20006769/article/details/79059304