Android BLEの概要
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， ， ， ， ！ ， BLE ， ， 。 BLE Bluetooth Low Energy ， API18(Android 4.3) ， BLE もしあなたのappがBLEを使うだけなら、manifestにあります.xmlに以下の権限を加えればいいです.
android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" android:required="true"/>
App BLE（ API<18） ， required false。 ， ，
// Use this check to determine whether BLE is supported on the device. Then
// you can selectively disable BLE-related features.
if (!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {
Toast.makeText(this, R.string.ble_not_supported, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}コードの役割は、デバイスがBLEをサポートしていない場合、Toastをポップアップしてユーザーに伝えることです.
権限を追加すると、まずBLEを開くためにコードを叩くことができます.ここではBluetoothAdapterとBluetoothMangerオブジェクトに関連しています.BLEをサポートするandroidデバイスがあり、BluetoothAdapterが1つしかありません.BluetoothMangerで取得します.
// Initializes Bluetooth adapter.
BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
...
// Ensures Bluetooth is available on the device and it is enabled. If not,
// displays a dialog requesting user permission to enable Bluetooth.
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || !mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);// ， BLE
}/**
* Activity for scanning and displaying available BLE devices.
*/
public class DeviceScanActivity extends ListActivity {
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private boolean mScanning;
private Handler mHandler;
// Stops scanning after 10 seconds.
private static final long SCAN_PERIOD = 10000;
...
private void scanLeDevice(final boolean enable) {
if (enable) {
// Stops scanning after a pre-defined scan period.
mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mScanning = false;
mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);//mLeScanCallback ，
}
}, SCAN_PERIOD);
mScanning = true;
mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);//
} else {
mScanning = false;
mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
}
...//
}
...// ... ListActivity Adapter ， mLeScanCallback
}private LeDeviceListAdapter mLeDeviceListAdapter;
...
// Device scan callback.
private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback =
new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, int rssi,
byte[] scanRecord) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mLeDeviceListAdapter.addDevice(device);
mLeDeviceListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
});
}
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public class LeDeviceListAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
private List devices;
public LeDeviceListAdapter(){
devices = new ArrayList<>();
.....
}
public void addDevice(BluetoothDevice mdevice){
if(!devices.contains(mdevice)){
devices.add(mdevice);
}
}
.......
@Override
public View getView(int position ,View view ,ViewGroup viewGroup){
BluetoothDevice bd = devices.get(position);
String deviceName = bd.getName();// ， ListActivity
}
.....................// viewholder
}
GATT ，GATT ， Characteristic、Descriptor、Service BLE Service、Characteristic、Descriptor， UUID 。 4.0 Service， Service Characteristic， Characteristic Value Descriptor， Descriptor Value
GATT ServermBluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(Context context, boolean autoConnect, BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback);
BluetoothGattCallback ， ， BluetoothGattCallbackコールバックの実装:
// A service that interacts with the BLE device via the Android BLE API.
public class BluetoothLeService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = BluetoothLeService.class.getSimpleName();
private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private String mBluetoothDeviceAddress;
private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt;
private int mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
private static final int STATE_DISCONNECTED = 0;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 1;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 2;
public final static String ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED";
public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE";
public final static String EXTRA_DATA =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.EXTRA_DATA";
public final static UUID UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT =
UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT);
// Various callback methods defined by the BLE API.
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback =
new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status,
int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
@Override
// New services discovered
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
@Override
// Result of a characteristic read operation
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
...
};
...
}broadcastUpdate() ：private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
private void broadcastUpdate(final String action,
final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
// This is special handling for the Heart Rate Measurement profile. Data
// parsing is carried out as per profile specifications.
if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) {
int flag = characteristic.getProperties();
int format = -1;
if ((flag & 0x01) != 0) {
format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT16;
Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT16.");
} else {
format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8;
Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT8.");
}
final int heartRate = characteristic.getIntValue(format, 1);
Log.d(TAG, String.format("Received heart rate: %d", heartRate));
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, String.valueOf(heartRate));
} else {
// For all other profiles, writes the data formatted in HEX.
final byte[] data = characteristic.getValue();
if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(data.length);
for(byte byteChar : data)
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%02X ", byteChar));
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, new String(data) + "
" +
stringBuilder.toString());
}
}
sendBroadcast(intent);
}// Handles various events fired by the Service.
// ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED: connected to a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED: disconnected from a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED: discovered GATT services.
// ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE: received data from the device. This can be a
// result of read or notification operations.
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = true;
updateConnectionState(R.string.connected);
invalidateOptionsMenu();//
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = false;
updateConnectionState(R.string.disconnected);
invalidateOptionsMenu();
clearUI();
} else if (BluetoothLeService.
ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
// Show all the supported services and characteristics on the
// user interface.
displayGattServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
displayData(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
}
}
}; ， ！！！ ， .......public boolean sendCharacteristic(){String kUUIDWriteCommand = "0000FEC7-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";//"0000FF01-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"; UUID writeUUID = UUID.fromString(kUUIDWriteCommand); BluetoothGattCharacteristic btWriteGattChar = gattService.getCharacteristic(writeUUID); boolean right = divideFrameBleSendData(data, btWriteGattChar);}
Bluetoothに送信されるデータはパケットで送信され、長すぎるデータは一度に公開されます.
private static boolean divideFrameBleSendData(byte[] data, BluetoothGattCharacteristic btWriteGattChar){ boolean right = false; int tmpLen = data.length; int start = 0; int end = 0; while (tmpLen > 0){ byte[] sendData = new byte[21]; if (tmpLen >= 20){ end += 20; sendData = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, start, end); start += 20; tmpLen -= 20; } else{ end += tmpLen; sendData = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, start, end); tmpLen = 0; } right = btWriteGattChar.setValue(sendData);//送信データif(!right){MyUtil.writeLog("btWriteGattChar.setValue false!data="+MyUtil.binToHex(data,0,data.length));return false; } right = mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(btWriteGattChar); if (!right) return right; } return right; }， （ data ）....