dict

 1 >>> kk={'11':1,'22':2,'33':3}
 2 >>> kk['11']
 3 1
 4 >>> kk[1]
 5 Traceback (most recent call last):
 6   File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module>
 7     kk[1]
 8 KeyError: 1
 9 >>> len(kk)
10 3
11 >>> '11' in kk
12 True
13 >>> list(kk.keys())
14 ['11', '33', '22']
15 >>> kk.keys()
16 dict_keys(['11', '33', '22'])
17 >>> kk['22']=['44','55','66']
18 >>> kk
19 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '22': ['44', '55', '66']}

1 >>> del kk['11']
2 >>> kk
3 {'33': 3, '22': ['44', '55', '66']}
4 >>> kk['11']='ppp'
5 >>> kk
6 {'11': 'ppp', '33': 3, '22': ['44', '55', '66']}

 1 >>> kk={'11':1,'22':2,'33':3}
 2 >>> list(kk.values())
 3 [1, 3, 2]
 4 >>> list(kk.items())
 5 [('11', 1), ('33', 3), ('22', 2)]
 6 >>> kk.get('11')
 7 1
 8 >>> kk.get('66')
 9 >>> 
10 >>> kk
11 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '22': 2}
12 >>> hh={'44':4,'55':5}
13 >>> kk.update(hh)
14 >>> kk
15 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '44': 4, '22': 2, '55': 5}
16 >>> kk={'11':1,'22':2,'33':3}
17 >>> kk
18 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '22': 2}
19 >>> hh={'22':4,'55':5}
20 >>> kk.update(hh)
21 >>> kk
22 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '22': 4, '55': 5}
23 >>> kk={'11':1,'22':2,'33':3}
24 >>> kk
25 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '22': 2}
26 >>> hh={'44':2,'55':5}
27 >>> kk.update(hh)
28 >>> kk
29 {'11': 1, '33': 3, '44': 2, '22': 2, '55': 5}

1 >>> kk={'11':1,'22':2,'33':3}
2 >>> kk.pop('22')
3 2
4 >>> kk
5 {'11': 1, '33': 3}
6 >>> kk={}
7 >>> kk[5]='555'
8 >>> kk
9 {5: '555'}

 1 >>> matrix={}
 2 >>> matrix[(1,2,3)]=44
 3 >>> matrix[(5,8,9)]=99
 4 >>> matrix
 5 {(5, 8, 9): 99, (1, 2, 3): 44}
 6 >>> list(zip(['1','2','3'],[11,22,33]))
 7 [('1', 11), ('2', 22), ('3', 33)]
 8 >>> dict(zip(['1','2','3'],[11,22,33]))
 9 {'1': 11, '3': 33, '2': 22}
10 >>> hh={k:v for (k,v) in zip(['a','b','c'],[11,22,33])}
11 >>> hh
12 {'a': 11, 'c': 33, 'b': 22}
13 >>> uu={x:x**3 for x in range(1,5)}
14 >>> uu
15 {1: 1, 2: 8, 3: 27, 4: 64}
16 >>> gg=dict.fromkeys(['a','b','c'],0)
17 >>> gg
18 {'a': 0, 'c': 0, 'b': 0}
19 >>> gg=dict.fromkeys(['a','b','c'])
20 >>> gg
21 {'a': None, 'c': None, 'b': None}

 1 >>> dd=dict(a=1,b=2,c=3)
 2 >>> dd
 3 {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
 4 >>> dd.keys()
 5 dict_keys(['a', 'c', 'b'])
 6 >>> n=dd.keys()
 7 >>> n
 8 dict_keys(['a', 'c', 'b'])
 9 >>> dd.keys()|{'b','c','d'}
10 {'a', 'c', 'b', 'd'}
11 >>> dd.keys()&{'b','c','d'}
12 {'c', 'b'}
13 >>> dd.has_key('b')     #has_key()    
14 Traceback (most recent call last):
15   File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in <module>
16     dd.has_key('b')
17 AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'has_key'