Python-ファイル管理

5280 ワード

一.ファイルの操作手順
"""
         :  --->  --->  
"""
# f = open('/tmp/pass','a')
# content = f.read()
# print(content)
# f.write('hello')
# print(f.readable())
# print(f.writable())
# f.close()

"""
r:(  )
    -   ,   
    -       ,   
    
r+:
    -   
    -       ,   
    
w:
    -write only
    -          
    -     ,    ,          

w+:
    -rw
    -       
    -     ,   ,       
    
a:
    -write only
    -        
    -     ,    ,          

a+:
    -rw
    -        
    -        
    
"""

f = open('/tmp/passwd','r+')
content = f.read()
print(content)
print(f.tell())
f.write('python')
print(f.tell())
print(f.read())
print(f.tell())
f.close()

二.ファイルの読み込み操作
f = open('/tmp/passwd','rb')
# print(f.read())
# print(f.readline())
# print(f.readlines())
#readlines():      ,      ,               

#   head -c 4 /tmp/passwd
# print(f.read(4))
# print([line.strip() for line in f.readlines()])
# print(list(map(lambda x:x.strip(),f.readlines())))
#          
print(f.tell())
print(f.read(3))
print(f.tell())
"""
seek  ,    
    seek         :>0,      ,<0,      
    seek      :
        0:         
        1:     
        2:       
"""
f.seek(-1,2)
print(f.tell())

f.close()

三.非テキストファイルの読み込み
f1 = open('1111.jpg',mode='rb')
content = f1.read()
f1.close()

f2 = open('westos.jpg',mode='wb')
f2.write(content)
f2.close()

四.2つのファイルオブジェクトを同時に開く
"""
      :    ,   with      ,      
  
"""
#          
with open('/tmp/passwd') as f1,\
    open('/tmp/passwdbackup','w+') as f2:
    #                  
    f2.write(f1.read())
    #          
    f2.seek(0)
    #      
    print(f2.read())

五.オペレーティングシステム
import os
from os.path import exists,splitext,join

#1.        
#  :posix, linux  ,   nt, windows  
# print(os.name)

#2.         
# info = os.uname()
# print(info)
# print(info.sysname)
# print(info.nodename)

#3.      
# print(os.environ)

#4.  key          value 
# print(os.environ.get('PATH'))

#5.         
# print(os.path.isabs('/tmp/hello'))
# print(os.path.isabs('hello'))

#6.      
# print(os.path.abspath('hello.png'))
# print(os.path.join('/home/kiosk','hello.png'))

#7.         
# filename = '/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos_python/day08/hello.png'
#         
# print(os.path.basename(filename))
#         
# print(os.path.dirname(filename))

#8.    /    
# os.mkdir('img')
# os.makedirs('img/file') #      
# os.rmdir('img')

#9.    /    
# os.mknod('westos.txt')
# os.remove('westos.txt')

#10.     
# os.rename('westos.txt','data.txt')

#11.            
# print(os.path.exists('data.txt'))

#12.         
# print(os.path.splitext('data.txt'))

#13.          
# print(os.path.split('/tmp/hello/hello.png'))

六.ディレクトリを巡回
import os
from os.path import join

for root,dir,files in os.walk('/var/log'):
    # print(root)
    # print(dir)
    # print(files)
    for name in files:
        print(join(root,name))

七.ファイルの練習
1.練習1
"""
#        
# 1.        ips.txt,  1200 ,
          172.25.254.0/24  ip;
# 2.   ips.txt         ip      10 ip;
"""

import random

def create_ip_file(filename):
    ip = ['172.25.254.' + str(i) for i in range(0,255)]
    with open(filename,'a+') as f:
        for count in range(1200):
            # print(random.sample(ip,1))
            f.write(random.sample(ip,1)[0] + '
') create_ip_file('ips.txt') def sorted_by_ip(filename,count=10): ips_dict = dict() with open(filename) as f: for ip in f: if ip in ips_dict: ips_dict[ip] += 1 else: ips_dict[ip] = 1 sorted_ip = sorted(ips_dict.items(),key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)[:count] return sorted_ip print(sorted_by_ip('ips.txt'))

2.練習2
"""
# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
Name:day09.py
Date:1/22/19
Author:westos-dz
"""
"""
# #   1.          img,     100   , 100    
    (X4G5.png)
# #   2.    img     .png        .jpg.
"""

3.オペレーティングシステムの練習1
"""
# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
Name:01_  .py
Date:1/23/19
Author:westos-dz
"""
"""
  100 MAC        ,MAC   6 (16  ) 01-AF-3B
01-AF-3B
01-AF-3B-xx
01-AF-3B-xx-xx
01-AF-3B-xx-xx-xx
"""
import random
import string
# print(string.hexdigits)

def gen_code(len =2 ):
    num = random.sample(string.hexdigits,len)    ##string.hexdigits    16    
    return ''.join(num)

f = open('/tmp/test1','w+')   ##      
for i in range(100):          ##   
    f.write('01-AF-3B')
    for j in range(i) :       ##   
        random_str1 = gen_code()
        f.write('-' + random_str1)
    f.write('
') ## , f.close()