pythonのstring文字列プロパティメソッド操作
5795 ワード
共通文字列
文字列フォーマット出力位置合わせ
2、大文字と小文字の変換
3、文字列条件判断
4、文字列検索位置と置換
5、文字列の符号化と復号
6、文字列分割変換
>>> import string
>>> string.ascii_letters #
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> string.ascii_uppercase #
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
>>> string.ascii_lowercase #
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
>>> string.digits # 0-9
'0123456789'
>>> string.hexdigits #
'0123456789abcdefABCDEF'
>>> string.octdigits #
'01234567'
>>> string.punctuation #
'!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~'
>>> string.printable # ASCII
'0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&\'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ \t
\r\x0b\x0c'
>>> string.whitespace # ASCII 。 、 、 、 、
' \t
\r\x0b\x0c'
>>>
文字列フォーマット出力位置合わせ
>>> str = "Python stRING"
>>> print str.center(20) # 20 ,str
Python stRING
>>> print str.ljust(20) # 20 ,str
Python stRING
>>> print str.rjust(20) # 20 ,str
Python stRING
2、大文字と小文字の変換
>>> str = "Python stRING"
>>> str.upper() #
'PYTHON STRING'
>>> str.lower() #
'python string'
>>> str.capitalize() # ,
'Python string'
>>> str.swapcase() #
'pYTHON STring'
>>> str.title() # , ,
'Python String'
3、文字列条件判断
>>> str = '01234'
>>> str.isalnum() # ,
True
>>> str.isdigit() # ,
True
>>> str = 'string'
>>> str.isalnum() # ,
True
>>> str.isalpha() # ,
True
>>> str.islower() # , , True
True
>>> str = "01234abcd"
>>> str.islower() # , , True
True
>>> str.isalnum() # ,
True
>>> str = ' '
>>> str.isspace() # ,
True
>>> str = 'ABC'
>>> str.isupper() # , , True
True
>>> str = 'Aaa Bbb'
>>> str.istitle() # ,
True
>>> str = 'string learn'
>>> str.startswith('str') # 'str'
True
>>> str.endswith('arn') # 'arn'
True
4、文字列検索位置と置換
>>> str='string lEARn'
>>> str.find('z') # , -1,
-1
>>> str.find('n') #
4
>>> str.rfind('n') #
11
>>> str.index('a') #
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
ValueError: substring not found
>>> str.index("n") # find ,
4
>>> str.rindex("n") #
11
>>> str.count('a') #
0
>>> str.count('n') #
2
>>> str.replace('EAR','ear') #
'string learn'
>>> str.replace('n','N')
'striNg lEARN'
>>> str.replace('n','N',1)
'striNg lEARn'
>>> str.strip('n') # ,
'string lEAR'
>>> str.lstrip('n') #
'string lEARn'
>>> str.rstrip('n') #
'string lEAR'
>>> str = " tab"
>>> str.expandtabs() #
' tab'
>>> str.expandtabs(2) #
' tab'
5、文字列の符号化と復号
>>> str = " "
>>> str
'\xe5\xad\x97\xe7\xac\xa6\xe4\xb8\xb2\xe5\xad\xa6\xe4\xb9\xa0'
>>> str.decode('utf-8') # , utf-8 unicode
u'\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b66\u4e60'
>>> str.decode("utf-8").encode('gbk') # , unicode gbk
'\xd7\xd6\xb7\xfb\xb4\xae\xd1\xa7\xcf\xb0'
>>> str.decode('utf-8').encode('utf-8') # unicode utf-8
'\xe5\xad\x97\xe7\xac\xa6\xe4\xb8\xb2\xe5\xad\xa6\xe4\xb9\xa0'
6、文字列分割変換
>> str = "Learn string"
>>> '-'.join(str)
'L-e-a-r-n- -s-t-r-i-n-g'
>>> li = ['Learn','string']
>>> '-'.join(li)
'Learn-string'
>>> str.split('n')
['Lear', ' stri', 'g']
>>> str.split('n',1)
['Lear', ' string']
>>> str.rsplit('n')
['Lear', ' stri', 'g']
>>> str.rsplit('n',1)
['Learn stri', 'g']
>>> str.splitlines()
['Learn string']
>>> str.partition('n')
('Lear', 'n', ' string')
>>> str.rpartition('n')
('Learn stri', 'n', 'g')