linux shell練習問題訓練

real    0m3.367s
user    0m0.066s
sys     0m1.925s

       :
      4 /bin/bash
      1 /bin/sync
      1 /sbin/halt
     31 /sbin/nologin
      1 /sbin/shutdown
       :
        /bin/sync       1
        /bin/bash       1
        /sbin/nologin   30
        /sbin/halt      1
        /sbin/shutdown  1

employee.txt:
    100 Jason Smith 
    200 John Doe 
    300 Sanjay Gupta 
    400 Ashok Sharma 
    bonus          
bonus.txt:
    100 $5,000 
    200 $500 
    300 $3,000 
    400 $1,250 
              ，    :
    400 ashok sharma $1,250
    100 jason smith  $5,000
    200 john doe  $500
    300 sanjay gupta  $3,000

a)       ，      、               。
b)     。
c)        。
d)         。
e)        。
f)                 。
g)               。
h)   root         。
i)     TERM、PATH HOME  。
j)         。
k)  id        ID。
m)     “Good bye”

202.101.129.218 - - [26/Mar/2006:23:59:55 +0800] "GET /online/stat_inst.php?pid=d065 HTTP/1.1" 302 20-"-" "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"

netstat -nat |awk ‘{print $6}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn

netstat -n | awk ‘/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]};END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}’  
netstat -n | awk ‘/^tcp/ {++state[$NF]}; END {for(key in state) print key,"\t",state[key]}’
netstat -n | awk ‘/^tcp/ {++arr[$NF]};END {for(k in arr) print k,"t",arr[k]}’

netstat -n |awk ‘/^tcp/ {print $NF}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn

netstat -ant | awk ‘{print $NF}’ | grep -v ‘[a-z]‘ | sort | uniq -c

netstat -anlp|grep 80|grep tcp|awk ‘{print $5}’|awk -F: ‘{print $1}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n20

netstat -ant |awk ‘/:80/{split($5,ip,":");++A[ip[1]]}END{for(i in A) print A[i],i}’ |sort -rn|head -n20

tcpdump -i eth0 -tnn dst port 80 -c 1000 | awk -F"." ‘{print $1"."$2"."$3"."$4}’ | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr |head -20

netstat -n|grep TIME_WAIT|awk ‘{print $5}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn|head -n20

netstat -an | grep SYN | awk ‘{print $5}’ | awk -F: ‘{print $1}’ | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | more

netstat -ntlp | grep 80 | awk ‘{print $7}’ | cut -d/ -f1

cat access.log|awk ‘{print $1}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -10
cat access.log|awk ‘{counts[$(11)]+=1}; END {for(url in counts) print counts[url], url}’

cat access.log|awk ‘{print $11}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20

cat access.log |awk ‘($7~/.exe/){print $10 " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}’|sort -nr|head -20

cat access.log |awk ‘($10 > 200000 && $7~/.exe/){print $7}’|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -100

cat access.log |awk ‘($7~/.php/){print $NF " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}’|sort -nr|head -100

cat access.log |awk ‘($NF > 60 && $7~/.php/){print $7}’|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -100

cat access.log |awk ‘($NF > 30){print $7}’|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20

cat access.log |awk ‘{sum+=$10} END {print sum/1024/1024/1024}’

awk ‘($9 ~/404/)’ access.log | awk ‘{print $9,$7}’ | sort

cat access.log |awk ‘{counts[$(9)]+=1}; END {for(code in counts) print code, counts[code]}'
cat access.log |awk '{print $9}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn

/usr/sbin/tcpdump -i eth0 -l -s 0 -w - dst port 80 | strings | grep -i user-agent | grep -i -E 'bot|crawler|slurp|spider'

# groupadd linux
# groupadd -g 3003 distro
# useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G linux mandriva

# usermod -u 4004 -g linux -G distro,fedora mandriva

# passwd fedora
# chage -m 2 -M 50 fedora

strace -p pid

1、     newgroup, id  4000；
2、      mageedu1, id  3001，    newgroup；
3、    /tmp/hellodirxyz
4、  /etc/fstab       
5、                mageedu1;
6、                   ；

        #!/bin/bash
        # Description:
        # Version:
        # Datetime:
        # Author:

        myGroup="newgroup1"
        myUser="mageedu2"
        myDir="/tmp/hellodirxyz1"
        myID=3002

        groupadd -g 4001 $myGroup
        useradd -u $myID -G $myGroup $myUser
        mkdir $myDir
        cp /etc/fstab $myDir
        chown -R $myUser:$myUser $myDir
        chmod -R o= $myDir

        unset myGroup myUser myID myDir

# ls /bin | wc -l

# cut -d: -f7 /etc/passwd | sort -u

# head -7 /etc/passwd | tail -1

# head -7 /etc/passwd | tail -1 | cut -d: -f1

# head -7 /etc/passwd | tail -1 | cut -d: -f1 | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'

# ls -d /etc/[Pp]* | wc -l

for fileName in /etc/init.d/functions /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/fstab; do
    wc -l $fileName
done

#!/bin/bash
for fileName in /etc/init.d/functions /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/fstab; do
    lineCount=`wc -l $fileName | cut -d' ' -f1`
    echo "$fileName: $lineCount lines."
done

#!/bin/bash
for fileName in /etc/init.d/functions /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/fstab; do
    echo "$fileName: `wc -l $fileName | cut -d' ' -f1` lines."
done

for fileName in /etc/init.d/functions /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/fstab; do
    cp $fileName /tmp
    baseName=`basename $fileName`
    touch -m -t 201109151327 /tmp/$baseName
done

for lineNo in 3 7 11; do
    userInfo=`head -n $lineNo /etc/passwd | tail -1 | cut -d: -f1,3`
    echo -e "User: `echo $userInfo | cut -d: -f1`
Uid: `echo $userInfo |cut -d: -f2`"
done

# grep "^[sS]" /proc/meminfo
# grep -i "^s" /proc/meminfo

# grep -v "bash$" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1

# grep "bash$" /etc/passwd | sort -n -t: -k3 | tail -1 | cut -d: -f1

# grep "^#[[:space:]]\{1,\}[^[:space:]]\{1,\}" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

# grep "^[[:space:]]\{1,\}[^[:space:]]\{1,\}" /boot/grub/grub.conf

# grep --color=auto "\" /etc/passwd

# ifconfig | grep -E --color=auto "\"

# grep "^root\>" /etc/passwd

# grep --color=auto "^\([[:alnum:]]\{1,\}\)\>.*\1$" /etc/passwd

   3
awk ' {print $1}' |sort |uniq -c|sort -k1nr|head -n3|