読書ノート---Python絶対簡明マニュアル(個人的にはPythonはC++のベストパートナーだと思います)

 1 def make_incrementor(n):
 2     return lambda x: x+n
 3 f=make_incrementor(n)
 4 >>>f(0)
 5 42
 6 >>>f(1)
 7 43

append(x)    追加到链尾 
extend(L)    追加一个列表 
insert(i,x)   在位置i插入x 
remove(x)   删除第一个值为x的元素,如果不存在会抛出异常 
pop([i])   返回并删除位置为i的元素,i未给定时默认作用在最后一个元素.[i]表示i为可选的 
index(x)    返回第一个值为x的元素,不存在则抛出异常 
count(x)   返回x出现的次数 
sort()   排序 
reverse()   翻转,反转 

freshfruit=['  banana  ','   loganberry  '] 
>>>[weapon.strip() for weapon in freshfruit] 
['banana','loganberry'] 
vec=[2,4,6] 
>>>[3*x for x in vec if x>3] 
[12,18] 
>>>[(x,x**2) for x in vec]    #一个元素一定要是一个sequence,而
[x,x**2 for x in vec]是错误的 
[(2,4),(4,16),(6,36)] 
vec2=[4,3,-9] 
[x*y for x in vec for y in vec2] 
[vec[i]+vec2[i] for i in range(len(vec))] 
[str(round(355/113.0,i)) for i in range(1,6)] #str()是转换类型为可以打印的字符

 1 a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
 2 del a[0]
 3 >>>a
 4 [2,3,4,5,6]
 5 del a[2:4]
 6 >>>a
 7 [2,3,6]
 8 del a[:]
 9 >>>a
 10 []
 11 del a
 12 >>>a

t=1234,5567,'hello' 
x,y,z=t    #拆分操作可以应用于所有sequence 
>>>x 
1234 
u=t,(1,2,3) 
>>>u 
((1234,5567,'hello'),(1,2,3)) 
empty=() #空元组 
singleton='hi', #单个元素的元组 

 1 basket = ['apple','orange','apple','pear','apple','banana']
 2 fruit=set(basket)
 3 >>>fruit
 4 set(['orange', 'pear', 'apple', 'banana'])
 5 >>>'orange' in fruit
 6 True
 7 a=set('abracadabew')
 8 >>>a
 9 set(['a', 'c', 'b', 'e', 'd', 'r', 'w'])
 10 b=set('wajgwaoihwb')
 11 >>> b
 12 set(['a', 'b', 'g', 'i', 'h', 'j', 'o', 'w'])
 13 >>> a-b    #差 
 14 set(['c', 'r', 'e', 'd'])
 15 >>> a|b   #并 
 16 set(['a', 'c', 'b', 'e', 'd', 'g', 'i', 'h', 'j', 'o', 'r', 'w'])
 17 >>> a&b   #交 
 18 set(['a', 'b', 'w'])
 19 >>>a^b   #(并-交) 
 20 set(['c', 'e', 'd', 'g', 'i', 'h', 'j', 'o', 'r'])

 1 tel={'jack':4098,'sape':4139}
 2 tel['guido']=4127
 3 >>> tel
 4 {'sape': 4139, 'jack': 4098, 'guido': 4127}
 5 >>>tel['jack']
 6 4098
 7 del tel['sape']
 8 >>>tel.keys()
 9 ['jack', 'guido']
 10 >>>tel.has_key('jack')
 11 True
 12 knight={'gallahad':'the pure','robin':'the brave'}
 13 for k,v in knight.iteritems():
 14     print k,v

 1 gallahad the pure
 2 robin the brave

 1 for i,v in enumerate(['tic','tac','toe'])
 2     print i,v

 1 questions=['name','quest','favorite color']
 2 answers=['lancelot','the holy grail','blue']
 3 for q,a in zip(questions,answers):
 4     print 'What is your %s ? It is %s.'%(q,a)

What is your name ? It is lancelot. 
What is your quest ? It is the holy grail. 
What is your favorite color ? It is blue. 

 1 for i in reversed(range(1,4)):
 2     print i

3 
2