Rにおける基本動作01
3998 ワード
謝益輝先生のR言語忍者の秘訣の基本的な操作を繰り返します
Chard Liu
2019 1 8
#Sys.setlocale(‘LC_ALL’,‘C’) readlines ，
# R （GPL）
gpl = readLines(file.path(R.home(), "COPYING"))
head(gpl) # GPL
## [1] "\t\t GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE"
## [2] "\t\t Version 2, June 1991"
## [3] ""
## [4] " Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
## [5] " 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA"
## [6] " Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies"
xie = readLines("https://yihui.name") #
head(xie) # HTML
## [1] ""
## [2] ""
## [3] " "
## [4] "\t"
## [5] " "
## [6] " "
nchar(gpl[1:10]) # GPL 10
## [1] 32 29 0 56 79 61 58 0 15 0
sum(nchar(gpl))
## [1] 17671
#strsplit ，
strsplit(gpl[4:5], " ") # 4、5
## [[1]]
## [1] "" "Copyright" "(C)" "1989," "1991"
## [6] "Free" "Software" "Foundation," "Inc."
##
## [[2]]
## [1] "" "" "" "" ""
## [6] "" "" "" "" ""
## [11] "" "" "" "" ""
## [16] "" "" "" "" ""
## [21] "" "" "" "51" "Franklin"
## [26] "St," "Fifth" "Floor," "Boston," "MA"
## [31] "" "02110-1301" "" "USA"
# ，
#
# ， \\W（ W）， ## ，
words = unlist(strsplit(gpl, "\\W"))#unlist ，
words = words[words != ""] #
# 10
tail(sort(table(tolower(words))), 10)#tolower ,sort ，tail
##
## this is a program and you or of to
## 49 53 57 71 72 76 77 104 108
## the
## 194
# substr substring
xie[8]
## [1] " Yihui Xie | ㈢ \x89 "
substr(xie[8], 12, 20)# 12-20
## [1] "Yihui Xie"
#
paste(1:3,"a")
## [1] "1 a" "2 a" "3 a"
paste(1:3,"a",sep = "-")# a - ，
## [1] "1-a" "2-a" "3-a"
paste(letters[1:10], collapse = "~")#collapase
## [1] "a~b~c~d~e~f~g~h~i~j"
paste(1:3, "a", sep = "-", collapse = "+")#
## [1] "1-a+2-a+3-a"
#sep ， collapse “ ”
，
love = function() cat("I love you
")#
function ，
say = function(person) {
love()
love()
cat(paste("I love you dear", person, "
"))
love()
}
say("somebody") # somebody
## I love you
## I love you
## I love you dear somebody
## I love you