linuxの下でmysqlはどのようにshellスクリプトを自動的にバックアップします
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Linuxサーバ上のプログラムは毎日MySQLデータベースを更新しているので、shellスクリプトを書いてcrontabと結びつけて、データベースを定期的にバックアップすることを思い出しました.実はとても簡単で、主にMySQLが持っているmysqldumpコマンドを使用します.
保存後、以上のスクリプトをcrontabスケジューリングに追加します.例えば、毎朝4時半にバックアップ:30 4**/data/backup-db.sh
mysql 5を使うと1、mysqldumpエラーが表示される可能性があります.
なぜならmysqlライブラリにshowがないからです.logテーブルとgeneral_logテーブル、手動で作成する必要があります:
方法2:
注意:
以上、本文で紹介したlinuxの下でmysqlがshellスクリプトを自動的にバックアップする方法について説明します.
#!/bin/bash
# Shell script to backup MySql database
# To backup Nysql databases file to /backup dir and later pick up by your
# script. You can skip few databases from backup too.
# For more info please see (Installation info):
# http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/vivek/blogger/2005/01/mysql-backup-script.html
# Last updated: Aug - 2005
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above
# Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 nixCraft project
# Feedback/comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC)
# Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information.
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
MyUSER="SET-MYSQL-USER-NAME" # USERNAME
MyPASS="SET-PASSWORD" # PASSWORD
MyHOST="localhost" # Hostname
# Linux bin paths, change this if it can not be autodetected via which command
MYSQL="$(which mysql)"
MYSQLDUMP="$(which mysqldump)"
CHOWN="$(which chown)"
CHMOD="$(which chmod)"
GZIP="$(which gzip)"
# Backup Dest directory, change this if you have someother location
DEST="/backup"
# Main directory where backup will be stored
MBD="$DEST/mysql"
# Get hostname
HOST="$(hostname)"
# Get data in dd-mm-yyyy format
NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")"
# File to store current backup file
FILE=""
# Store list of databases
DBS=""
# DO NOT BACKUP these databases
IGGY="test"
[ ! -d $MBD ] && mkdir -p $MBD || :
# Only root can access it!
$CHOWN 0.0 -R $DEST
$CHMOD 0600 $DEST
# Get all database list first
DBS="$($MYSQL -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS -Bse 'show databases')"
for db in $DBS
do
skipdb=-1
if [ "$IGGY" != "" ];
then
for i in $IGGY
do
[ "$db" == "$i" ] && skipdb=1 || :
done
fi
if [ "$skipdb" == "-1" ] ; then
FILE="$MBD/$db.$HOST.$NOW.gz"
# do all inone job in pipe,
# connect to mysql using mysqldump for select mysql database
# and pipe it out to gz file in backup dir :)
$MYSQLDUMP -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS $db | $GZIP -9 > $FILE
fi
done
保存後、以上のスクリプトをcrontabスケジューリングに追加します.例えば、毎朝4時半にバックアップ:30 4**/data/backup-db.sh
mysql 5を使うと1、mysqldumpエラーが表示される可能性があります.
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `general_log`': Table 'mysql.general_log' doesn't exist
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `slow_log`': Table 'mysql.slow_log' doesn't exist
なぜならmysqlライブラリにshowがないからです.logテーブルとgeneral_logテーブル、手動で作成する必要があります:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS general_log (
event_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,
thread_id int(11) NOT NULL,
server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
command_type varchar(64) NOT NULL,
argument mediumtext NOT NULL
) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='General log';
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS slow_log (
start_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,
query_time time NOT NULL,
lock_time time NOT NULL,
rows_sent int(11) NOT NULL,
rows_examined int(11) NOT NULL,
db varchar(512) NOT NULL,
last_insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,
insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,
server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
sql_text mediumtext NOT NULL
) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='Slow log';
方法2:
注意:
DumpFile=db$(date +%y%m%d) 。
DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d) , tar: Removing leading `/' from member names , , 。
-------------------------------------------------------------------start
#!/bin/bash
#This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup
#Powered by aspbiz
#2004-09
#Setting
# , , , , , ,
# tar, mysqldump,mysqldotcopy
# , root( ) mysql , /root/dbxxxxx.tgz
DBName=mysql
DBUser=root
DBPasswd=
BackupPath=/root/
LogFile=/root/db.log
DBPath=/var/lib/mysql/
#BackupMethod=mysqldump
#BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy
#BackupMethod=tar
#Setting End
NewFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d).tgz
DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d)
OldFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d --date='5 days ago').tgz
echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
echo $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LogFile
echo "--------------------------" >> $LogFile
#Delete Old File
if [ -f $OldFile ]
then
rm -f $OldFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFile
else
echo "[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!" >> $LogFile
fi
if [ -f $NewFile ]
then
echo "[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!" >> $LogFile
else
case $BackupMethod in
mysqldump)
if [ -z $DBPasswd ]
then
mysqldump -u $DBUser --opt $DBName > $DumpFile
else
mysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd --opt $DBName > $DumpFile
fi
tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile
rm -rf $DumpFile
;;
mysqlhotcopy)
rm -rf $DumpFile
mkdir $DumpFile
if [ -z $DBPasswd ]
then
mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
else
mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >>$LogFile 2>&1
fi
tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1
echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile
rm -rf $DumpFile
;;
*)
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop >/dev/null 2>&1
tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >> $LogFile 2>&1
/etc/init.d/mysqld start >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile
;;
esac
fi
echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end
以上、本文で紹介したlinuxの下でmysqlがshellスクリプトを自動的にバックアップする方法について説明します.