Introduction to C++

LT1 Intro to programming
Computer: Motherboard + CPU + RAM (Primary Storage) + Secondary Storage
Programming Languages

Machine Language (Binary Code): Directly executable by computer

Symbolic Language (*Assembly Language): Abbrivs representing elementary operations

High-Level Language: Closer to human language. eg C, C++, Java

Building a C++ Program

Writing source code -> CPP file

Preprocessing: process the source code for compilation: Preprocessor Directives

Compilation: Syntax check, Generate Object Code from source

Linking: Combine object code and libraries to create an executable

Differences between programming languages

Syntax

Libraries, SDK, Functions

Programming

Develop the logic

Implement into programming language

Testing

which requires

Correct syntax & logic

Efficiency, Scalability, Maintainability

Computer program

From the External View, the basic elements are Input -> Process -> Output

From the Internal View, the computer program is

Logically ordered Instructions + Data (Variables & Constants)

A Simple Program
Preprocessor Directive

#include  // Include the library into the program
using namespace std; // Preprocessor Directive std::cout -> cout (shorthand name)

Functions
Left Brace { and Right Brace } marks the beginning and end of the func body
Library/SDK/Package
The wheels made for reuse, especially for repeating tasks/low-level operations. e.g.: , The reusing code is well designed and packed into Libraries Standard C++ comes with extensive libraries
Object An instance of a class cout< cout is an object provided by iostream library for screen output << : output operator outputs values to the output device, ie cout
Object is a unit that stores values and provides functions for the values.
An abstract from the real world
A simple C++ Program

#include  // Preprocessor Directive

using namespace std; // Namespace Declaration

int main(){ // Beginning of main() function body 
    cout<< "Hello, world!
"; // starting point of the main function, use output operator << of cout object
    return 0; //return statement 
}